广西农村户厕及粪便无害化处理现状调查

发布时间：2018-05-06 21:03

本文选题：农村户厕 + 粪便无害化　；参考：《环境与健康杂志》2015年02期

【摘要】：目的了解广西农村居民户厕及粪便处理现状。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法,于2011—2013年7—9月,选择广西29个县580个行政村、8 394户农村居民进行户厕及粪便处理情况调查。结果广西无害化卫生厕所普及率从2011年的55.51%上升到2013年的67.21%,非卫生厕所率从2011年的32.18%下降至2013年的21.43%,无厕户则从2011年的6.75%下降至2013年的4.78%。在各种类型无害化卫生厕所中,以三格化粪池式厕所(58.43%~67.57%)和沼气池式厕所(29.14%~35.43%)为主。到2013年,69.11%的农户采用无害化卫生厕所对粪便进行处理,17.74%采用土掩埋后施肥或高温堆肥方法处理,13.15%的农户未对粪便进行任何处理。结论广西农村户厕建设增加迅速,但政府仍需加强政策和技术支持,以提高农村无害化卫生厕所普及率及粪便无害化处理水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the present situation of toilet and faecal disposal in rural residents in Guangxi. Methods the stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the toilet and feces disposal of 8 394 rural residents in 580 administrative villages in 29 counties of Guangxi from July to September of 2011-2013. Results the prevalence rate of non-sanitary toilets in Guangxi increased from 55.51% in 2011 to 67.21% in 2013. The rate of non-sanitary toilets decreased from 32.18% in 2011 to 21.4343% in 2013, and the number of households without toilets decreased from 6.75% in 2011 to 4.78% in 2013. Among all kinds of innocuous sanitary latrines, 58.43 (58.43) and 29.14 (35.43) were mainly used in the three-mode septic tank toilet and the biogas tank type toilet. By 2013, 69.11% of the farmers used harmless sanitary toilets to treat their faeces. 17.74% of the households did not treat their faeces by using the methods of soil buried fertilization or high temperature composting. Conclusion the construction of household toilets in rural areas in Guangxi is increasing rapidly, but the government still needs to strengthen policy and technical support in order to improve the popularization rate of sanitary toilets in rural areas and the level of harmless disposal of faeces.
【作者单位】：广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生与地方病防制所;广西壮族自治区爱国卫生运动委员会办公室;
【基金】：原卫生部疾病控制局资助项目
【分类号】：R127

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