上海市全民控盐干预效果评价——大样本人群抽样效度分析

发布时间：2018-05-08 23:44

本文选题：抽样 + 代表性　；参考：《环境与职业医学》2015年01期

【摘要】：[目的]探讨上海市全民控盐干预效果评价课题调查样本的代表性。[方法]通过玛叶指数(MI)、拟合度检验、相异指数(DI)以及人口金字塔图等方法和途径,检验样本与总体人口构成的符合程度;并对随访样本人群社会人口学特征进行前后比较。[结果]本次调查共3 000户家庭和7 000名居民,实际调查2 960户、6 886人,剔除不合格问卷,最终纳入分析的基线数据为2 941份家庭问卷和6 748份个人问卷;而在发放控盐勺后1、6、12个月家庭问卷和个人问卷的失访率在0.51%~4.49%和1.38%~4.70%之间。经检验,1、6、12个月时随访对象的基本人口学特征(地区、年龄、性别、文化程度、就业状态、是否固定掌勺者)与基线时比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。计算结果显示,样本人群MI为7.47,其中男性为8.70,女性为6.35,均10。金字塔图可见,样本人群与2008年上海市总体人口(全人群、男性、女性)年龄构成左右基本对称。以2008年上海市年中人口构成数据作为理论数作拟合度检验,得到样本人群合计、男性和女性的χ2值分别为:5.30、5.88、4.84,均P0.05。同时,计算得到样本人群合计及男性、女性人口的DI分别为10.34和10.72、9.96。[结论]本调查样本失访率较低,随访对象的人口学特征与基线无差异,即前后调查样本的一致性较好;样本人群的年龄分布质量较好,样本的分布与总体分布无差异,对总体人群有较好的代表性,样本的调查结果可外推到全市的情况。
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the representativeness of the survey sample on the evaluation of the effect of salt control intervention in Shanghai. [methods] the coincidence between the sample and the population composition was tested by means of Marex index, fitting test, dissimilarity index DIN and pyramidal map, and the socio-demographic characteristics of the sample were compared before and after follow-up. [results] A total of 3 000 families and 7 000 residents were surveyed, and 2 960 households were investigated with 6 886 people. The baseline data included in the analysis were 2 941 family questionnaires and 6 748 individual questionnaires. However, the lost rates of family questionnaire and personal questionnaire in 12 months were between 0.51% and 1.38% and 4.70% respectively. The basic demographic characteristics (area, age, sex, educational level, employment status, whether fixed or not) of the subjects followed up for 12 months were not significantly different from those at baseline (all P 0.05). The calculated results showed that the MI of the sample population was 7. 47, of which 8. 70 for males and 6. 35 for females, respectively. The pyramids show that the age composition of the sample population is approximately symmetrical with that of the whole population (whole population, male, female) in 2008. Based on the data of mid-year population composition of Shanghai in 2008, the fitting test was made, and the total sample population was obtained. The 蠂 ~ 2 value of male and female were respectively 5. 30 and 5. 88, respectively (P 0. 05). At the same time, the DI of the total population of the sample and that of the male and female population were 10. 34 and 10. 72 / 9. 96 respectively. [conclusion] the rate of missing interview was lower, the demographic characteristics of the subjects were not different from baseline, that is, the consistency of sample before and after investigation was better, the quality of age distribution of sample population was better, and the distribution of sample was not different from that of general distribution. The survey results of the sample can be extrapolated to the whole city.
【作者单位】：上海市疾病预防控制中心;上海市卫生局卫生监督所;
【基金】：上海市及各区(县)卫生和计划生育委员会上海市健康促进委员会对于本项目的支持
【分类号】：R151.42

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