延边地区朝鲜族和汉族小学生体格发育指标分布特征的比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 06:51

本文选题：小学生 + 体格发育　；参考：《延边大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：研究延边地区朝鲜族和汉族小学生体格发育指标分布特征,为小学生生长发育的研究提供相应资料,也为开展学校卫生保健工作提供信息与指导。方法：于2011-2012年6月,采用整群抽样方法抽取延边地区3所小学8-12岁小学生3159名(朝鲜族2213名,汉族946),全部研究对象对调查内容均知情同意。选择研究对象时,排除其他民族及混血民族学生以便更准确的比较民族之间的差异性。②采用标准化的调查表收集本研究的相关信息。③在清晨空腹状态下进行体格检查,按标准化方法准确测量身高(height, cm)、体重(weight, kg)、体重指数[body mass index, BMI (kg/m2)],分组计算均数和百分位数(主要以P10、P85和P95为代表),分析本地区不同民族学生间体格发育指标的分布差异。分别采用《中国学生7-22岁身高标准体重值》(身高标准体重)和国际生命科学学会中国肥胖工作组(WGOC)制定的BMI标准评价学生的营养状况。将本地区BMI P85和P85与WGOC超重和肥胖分类标准进行比较。④采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行数据分析,正态分布的计量资料行t检验及方差分析,计数资料的比较采用χ2检验。结果：(1)朝鲜族和汉族男生身高(cm)平均水平分别为143.09±10.69和139.21±9.46,女生分别为143.08±10.52和138.22±10.23,其民族差异均有显著的统计学意义(t男=7.136,t女=8.502；均P0.0001)；本地区学生的身高(F朝男=2440.147,F汉男=1106.588,F朝女=3147.320,F汉女=1448.040)均随年龄的增长呈升高的趋势,其升高趋势有统计学意义(均P0.0001)。朝鲜族和汉族男生体重(kg)平均水平分别为38.37±11.20和34.41±10.19,女生分别为37.75±10.67和32.75±9.05,其民族差异均有显著的统计学意义(t男=6.846,t女=9.568；均P0.0001)；本地区学生的体重(F-=702.094,F汉男=250.931,F-=1037.084,,-=403.717)均随年龄的增长呈升高的趋势,其升高趋势有统计学意义(1P0.0001)。朝鲜族和汉族男生BMI (kg/m2)平均水平分别为18.43±3.50和17.46±3.37,女生分别为18.13±3.35和16.86±2.89,其民族差异均有显著的统计学意义(t男=5.131,t女=7.631；均P0.0001)；本地区学生的BMI(F朝男-=100.289,F汉男=28.879,F朝女=192.764,F汉女=47.303)均随年龄的增长呈升高的趋势,其升高趋势有统计学意义(均P0.0001)。(2)朝鲜族男生BMI (kg/m2) P85口P95位点值分别为22.4和25.3,汉族男生分别为20.8和24.6,不同民族男生P85和P95位点值差值分别为1.6和0.7；朝鲜族女生BMI P85和P95位点值分别为21.3和24.2,汉族女生分别为19.4和22.6,不同民族女生P85和P95位点值差值分别为1.9和1.6。将本地区学生各百分位点值与WGOC超重、肥胖分类标准进行比较结果显示,本地区朝鲜族和汉族男生BMI P85和P95位点值均高于WGOC超重和肥胖标准界值(差值为1.3～2.8)。(3)按照身高标准体重,本地区朝鲜族男生营养不良、超重及肥胖检出率分别为12.4%、13.5%及23.3%,汉族男生分别为19.4%、9.7%及16.5%,朝鲜族女生分别为16.6%、13.7%及19.4%,汉族女生分别为23.1%、9.5%及12.0%；无论男生和女生不同民族的营养不良检出率没有差异(χ2男=3.458,χ2女=1.495；均P0.05),而朝鲜族的超重(χ2男=4.588,χ2女=5.963；均P0.05)及肥胖(χ2男=9.450,χ2女=13.593；均P0.01)检出率均高于汉族。按照WGOC标准,本地区朝鲜族男生消瘦、超重及肥胖检出率分别为4.1%、15.7%及14.4%,汉族男生分别为9.3%、10.1%及9.3%,朝鲜族女生分别为4.7%、11.3%及10.8%,汉族女生分别为8.9%、6.6%及5.1%；无论男生和女生朝鲜族的消瘦检出率显著低于汉族(χ2男=8.888,χ2女=6.688；均P0.01),而朝鲜族的超重(χ2男=7.042,χ2女=7.207；均P0.01)及肥胖(χ2男=8.552,χ2女=10.431；均P0.01)检出率则显著高于汉族。结论：(1)延边地区朝鲜族和汉族小学生体格发育分布特征的差异明显,无论男生和女生朝鲜族各项体格发育指标的平均水平均显著高于汉族。 (2)朝鲜族BMI P85P95位点值均高于汉族,且本地区学生的BMI P85和P95位点值均高于WGOC超重和肥胖标准界值。(3)2种标准检出的营养不良检出率朝鲜族均低于汉族,而超重及肥胖检出率朝鲜族则高于汉族,且本地区汉族小学生营养不良现象普遍存在,而朝鲜族小学生超重及肥胖率已达到流行水平,应对不同民族小学生分别进行营养和体质改善工作,提高学生的生长发育水平。 (4)2种标准筛查的营养不良、超重及肥胖检出率有所不同,建议选用适当的BMI标准进行本地区小学生超重和肥胖筛查及肥胖症的诊断,以及其相关的研究。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the distribution characteristics of the physical development index of Korean and Han pupils in Yanbian area, provide relevant information for the study of primary school students' growth and development, and provide information and guidance for school health care. Methods: in June 2011-2012, 3159 pupils of 8-12 year old pupils in 3 primary schools were selected by cluster sampling. (2213 Korean people, 946 Han people), all the subjects informed consent of the investigation. When choosing the subjects, the students of other nationalities and mixed blood nationalities were excluded to compare the differences between ethnic groups more accurately. (2) the relevant information of the study was collected by standardized questionnaire. The standardized method accurately measured the height (height, CM), weight (weight, kg), body mass index [body mass index, BMI (kg/m2)]. The average number and percentile (mainly P10, P85 and P95) were used to analyze the distribution difference between the students of different ethnic groups in the local areas. The standard weight value of Chinese students at 7-22 years old was used respectively. (height standard weight) and the BMI standard established by the Chinese obesity working group (WGOC) of the International Life Science Society (WGOC) to evaluate the nutritional status of students. Compare the local BMI P85 and P85 with WGOC overweight and obesity classification standards. (4) using the SPSS 17 statistical software for data analysis, the normal distribution of the measurement data of t test and variance analysis, The comparison of the data was made by the x 2 test. Results: (1) the average height (CM) of Korean and Han boys was 143.09 + 10.69 and 139.21 + 9.46, respectively, and girls were 143.08 + 10.52 and 138.22 + 10.23, respectively. The national differences were statistically significant (t male =7.136, t = 8.502; P0.0001); the height of students in the region (F to male =2440.14) 7, F Han men =1106.588, F towards female =3147.320, F Chinese female =1448.040) increased with age, and the increase trend was statistically significant (P0.0001). The average level of body weight (kg) of Korean and Han boys was 38.37 + 11.20 and 34.41 + 10.19 respectively, and girls were 37.75 + 10.67 and 32.75 + 9.05, respectively. Study significance (t male =6.846, t female =9.568; P0.0001); the body weight (F-=702.094, F man =250.931, F-=1037.084, -=403.717) of local students increased with age, and the increase trend was statistically significant (1P0.0001). The average level of Korean and Han males was 18.43 + 3.50 and 17.46 + 3.37 respectively. The national differences were 18.13 + 3.35 and 16.86 + 2.89, respectively (t male =5.131, t female =7.631; P0.0001); BMI (F towards male -=100.289, F male =28.879, F Dynasty female =192.764, female female) increased with age, and the trend was statistically significant (2) North Korea. The P95 point values of BMI (kg/m2) P85 are 22.4 and 25.3 respectively, and the Han boys are 20.8 and 24.6 respectively. The difference values of P85 and P95 point values of different ethnic boys are 1.6 and 0.7, the BMI P85 and P95 bit values of Korean girls are 21.3 and 24.2 respectively, and the Han girls are 19.4 and 22.6, respectively, and the difference values of the P85 and P95 point values of different ethnic girls are 1, respectively. .9 and 1.6. showed that the point values of students in the region were compared with WGOC overweight and obesity classification standards. The values of BMI P85 and P95 in Korean and Han boys were higher than those of WGOC overweight and obesity standards (the difference was 1.3 to 2.8). (3) in accordance with the height standard body weight, the DPRK boys in the region were malnourished, overweight and obese. The detection rates were 12.4%, 13.5% and 23.3% respectively, and the Han boys were 19.4%, 9.7% and 16.5% respectively. The Korean girls were 16.6%, 13.7% and 19.4% respectively, and the Han girls were 23.1%, 9.5% and 12%, respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence rate of malnutrition between boys and girls (chi 2 men =3.458, Chi Chi =1.495, P0.05), and the overweight (chi square) of the Korean nationality (chi square) Male =4.588, x 2 =5.963, P0.05) and obesity (chi 2 male =9.450, chi 2 female =13.593; P0.01) were higher than the Han nationality. According to the WGOC standard, the Korean boys were thin, the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were 4.1%, 15.7% and 14.4% respectively, the Han boys were 9.3%, 10.1% and 9.3% respectively, and the Korean girls were 4.7%, 11.3% and 10.8%, Han women respectively. The birth rate was 8.9%, 6.6% and 5.1% respectively. No matter the Han nationality and the Korean nationality, the detection rate was significantly lower than the Han nationality (chi 2 male =8.888, chi 2 female =6.688, P0.01), while the Korean nationality was overweight (chi 2 male =7.042, chi 2 female =7.207; P0.01) and obesity (chi 2 male =8.552, chi 2 female =10.431; P0.01) was significantly higher than the Han nationality. (1) Yanbian area The differences of physical development distribution characteristics between Korean and Han pupils were obvious. The average level of physical development indexes of boys and girls was significantly higher than that of Han nationality. (2) the BMI P85P95 point value of Korean nationality was higher than that of Han, and the BMI P85 and P95 values of students in the region were higher than the standard boundary value of WGOC overweight and obesity. (3) 2 species. The detection rate of DPRK detected by the standard was lower than that of the Han nationality, while the detection rate of overweight and obesity was higher than that of the Han nationality, and the malnutrition of Han Primary School Students in this area was common, while the overweight and obesity rate of Korean primary school pupils had reached the epidemic level, and the nutritional and physical improvement work should be carried out for the pupils of different ethnic groups. To improve the level of students' growth and development. (4) the 2 standard screening of malnutrition, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is different. It is suggested that appropriate BMI standards should be selected for the diagnosis of overweight and obesity screening and obesity in local primary school, and the related research.

【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R179

【相似文献】