陕西省妇女围孕期微量营养素增补现况调查及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-12 00:09

  本文选题：微量营养系 + 孕妇　； 参考：《中国全科医学》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的调查陕西省妇女围孕期微量营养素增补现况,并分析其影响因素,为相关部门制定母婴健康方针提供帮助。方法 2010—2013年,采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取陕西省20个县和10个城区符合纳入标准的妇女30 027例为调查对象。采用面对面问卷调查法进行调查,收集妇女的人口学特征(包括民族、户籍地、地域分布、年龄、配偶年龄、文化程度、配偶文化程度、家庭月收入、家族智障史、家族出生缺陷史、妊娠期是否患病、妊娠期是否进行产检、产次、既往流产史、既往出生缺陷史)、围孕期微量营养素增补情况(包括服用微量营养素的类别、服用持续时间),其中微量营养素包括叶酸、钙剂、铁剂、复合微量营养素。采用多因素Logistic回归分析妇女围孕期微量营养素增补的影响因素。结果共发放问卷30 027份,回收有效问卷29 953份,有效回收率为99.75%。围孕期未服用任何微量营养素者4 693例(15.67%),至少服用1种微量营养素者25 260例(84.33%),其中服用微量营养素≤30 d者7 400例(24.71%)。微量营养素增补中,围孕期从未服用叶酸、钙剂、铁剂、复合微量营养素者分别为9 989例(33.35%)、12 886例(43.02%)、28 206例(94.17%)、28 856例(96.34%),服用叶酸、钙剂、铁剂、复合微量营养素≤30 d者分别为4 178例(13.95%)、5 161例(17.23%)、689例(2.30%)、455例(1.52%),服用叶酸、钙剂、铁剂、复合微量营养素30 d者分别为15 040例(50.21%)、11 150例(37.22%)、732例(2.44%)、633例(2.11%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,关中地区〔OR=2.59,95%CI(2.37,2.82)〕、陕南地区〔OR=2.80,95%CI(2.51,3.13)〕、23~35岁〔OR=1.27,95%CI(1.14,1.41)〕、配偶年龄为23~35岁〔OR=1.14,95%CI(1.01,1.29)〕、文化程度为初中〔OR=1.55,95%CI(1.37,1.76)〕、文化程度为高中及以上〔OR=2.28,95%CI(1.95,2.66)〕、配偶文化程度为初中〔OR=1.31,95%CI(1.14,1.50)〕、配偶文化程度为高中及以上〔OR=1.63,95%CI(1.38,1.92)〕、妊娠期患病〔OR=1.67,95%CI(1.55,1.81)〕、妊娠期进行产检〔OR=4.34,95%CI(3.32,5.67)〕、初产妇〔OR=1.42,95%CI(1.29,1.55)〕、既往有流产史〔OR=1.26,95%CI(1.12,1.42)〕是妇女围孕期是否服用微量营养素的影响因素(P0.05)。结论陕西省妇女围孕期微量营养素增补率为84.33%,其中叶酸增补情况较好,但钙剂、铁剂、复合微量营养素增补情况并不理想;此外,应当对居住于陕北地区、文化水平低及经产妇加强围孕期的微量营养素增补宣传,以提高其围孕期微量营养素摄入率。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the status of micronutrient supplementation in women during pregnancy in Shaanxi Province and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide help for the establishment of maternal and child health policy. Methods from 2010 to 2013, 30 027 women in 20 counties and 10 urban districts in Shaanxi province were selected by stratified multi-stage random sampling. Face to face questionnaire survey was used to collect the demographic characteristics of women (including nationality, domicile, geographical distribution, age, spouse's age, education level, spouse's education level, family monthly income, family history of intellectual disability). Family history of birth defects, illness during pregnancy, prenatal screening, delivery, history of previous abortion, history of previous birth defects, supplementation of micronutrients during pregnancy (including types of micronutrients taken), Duration of use, which micronutrients include folic acid, calcium, iron, and complex micronutrients. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy. Results A total of 30 027 questionnaires were sent out, 29 953 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 99.75. During pregnancy, 4 693 cases did not take any micronutrient and 25 260 cases took at least one micronutrient, including 7 400 cases with micronutrient 鈮，

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