对惠州市惠东县城乡中学生膳食营养状况调查与分析

发布时间：2018-05-14 15:03

本文选题：中学生 + 膳食营养　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年来,中学生的体质逐渐下降。这跟它们的膳食营养搭配不合理、不科学、不完善有着直接的关系。营养状况是每个学生生长发育的重要因素,因为中学生正处于生长发育的高峰时期。良好的营养、适当的锻炼和合理的作息是影响其身心发育的三个重要因素。青春期体格发育非常的快,各个器官都在增大,脑、心、肝、肾等功能增强,加上学习紧张、活动量大,也需要更多的热量和营养素。这时营养的补充是非常的必要。合理的膳食营养搭配显得尤其的重要。正是因为中学生正处于生长发育的关键时刻,充足的膳食营养供给是保证中学生生长发育和完成学习任务的重要前提与基础。了解惠州市惠东县城乡中学生一日三餐膳食营养状况,为城乡中学生膳食营养改善做出科学的依据,从而结合现在中学生每天摄入营养情况存在的问题,提出进一步改善中学生膳食营养的策略和措施。从中找出惠州市惠东县城乡中学生日三餐膳食营养的补充是否充足的情况以及有合理的食物搭配方式。并希望引起更多人对中学生膳食营养问题的重视,那样孩子们的身长发育才能得到良好的保障。本论文研究以惠州市惠东县城乡中学生为研究对象,进行了问卷调查,结合专家访谈,同时运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等多种研究方法以发放问卷的方式利用王士公司开发的膳食分析与营养评价软件,分析惠州市惠东县城乡中学生每人每日每餐各种营养素摄入量,再将学生所填的相关数据输入到SPSS对数据进行统计分析。针对惠州市城乡中学生“一日三餐”摄入的膳食营养情况指出目前存在的问题,并提出了相应的膳食营养改善方法。研究结果表明： 1.惠州市惠东县城市中学生的热量来源要比农村中学生热量供给要高。 2.惠州市惠东县城市中学生比农村中学生三大营养物质来源要充足(蛋白质、脂肪、糖类) 3.惠州市惠东县城市中学生比农村中学生热量、蛋白质、铁的来源要高,其中占最大比例的是一般植物类,其次是动物类、最少的是豆类。 4.惠州市惠东县农村中学生营养不良要比城市营养不良的情况要严重。 5.惠州市惠东县城市的中学生肥胖和超重的学生越来越多,这样对孩子的发育很不好。 6.惠州市惠东县农村中学生每日摄入各种营养素里面大部分的营养素要比城市中学生每天摄入的量要低。 7.惠州市惠东县城乡中学生矿物质每日摄入钾、钙、镁、锌等都显著低于推荐标准量(P0.01)。钠、铁、硒等已达推荐参考量的标准(P0.05)。 8.惠州市惠东县城乡中学生每天摄入维生素Bl和维生素A都明显的要比推荐摄入量要低(P0.01)。维生素B2以及维生素C都合理达到了推荐参考量的标准(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the physique of middle school students has gradually declined. This is directly related to their irrational, unscientific and imperfect diet and nutrition. Nutritional status is an important factor in the growth and development of every student, because middle school students are at the peak of growth and development. Good nutrition, proper exercise and reasonable rest are three important factors affecting their physical and mental development. Puberty physical development is very fast, each organ is increasing, brain, heart, liver, kidney and so on function enhancement, plus the study strain, the activity quantity is big, also needs more heat and the nutrition. Nutritional supplements are necessary at this time. A reasonable diet and nutrition is especially important. Just because the middle school students are at the critical moment of growth and development, adequate dietary nutrition is the important prerequisite and foundation to ensure the growth and development of middle school students and to complete their learning tasks. To understand the status of dietary nutrition of middle school students in Huidong County, Huidong County, and to make a scientific basis for the improvement of dietary nutrition of middle school students in urban and rural areas, so as to combine the problems existing in the daily intake of nutrition among middle school students. The strategies and measures to improve the dietary nutrition of middle school students were put forward. To find out whether the supplement of the three meals of the middle school students in Huidong county, Huidong county, is adequate or not, and to find out whether there is a reasonable way of food matching. It is hoped that more people will pay more attention to the problem of high school students' dietary nutrition so that the children's growth and development can be guaranteed well. This paper takes urban and rural middle school students in Huidong County of Huizhou City as the research object, carries on the questionnaire survey, unifies the expert interview, simultaneously uses the literature material method, Using the dietary analysis and nutrition evaluation software developed by Wang Shi Company to analyze the intake of various nutrients per person per day in Huidong County, Huidong County, Huidong County, China, using various research methods such as logical analysis method and so on. Then the student fill in the relevant data into the SPSS to carry out statistical analysis of the data. According to the situation of dietary nutrition intake of "three meals a day" among middle school students in urban and rural areas of Huizhou, the existing problems were pointed out, and the corresponding methods for improving dietary nutrition were put forward. The results show that: 1. The heat supply of middle school students in Huidong County is higher than that in rural areas. 2. Huidong County, Huidong City Middle School students than rural middle school students in the three sources of nutrients (protein, fat, sugar) 3. The sources of calorie, protein and iron of middle school students in Huidong County of Huizhou are higher than those of middle school students in rural areas. Among them, the largest proportion is general plants, the second is animal, and the least is legume. 4. The malnutrition of rural middle school students in Huidong County of Huizhou is more serious than that of urban malnutrition. 5. More and more middle school students are obese and overweight in Huidong County of Huizhou. 6. In Huidong County, Huidong County, the daily intake of most of the nutrients in the rural middle school students was lower than that of the urban middle school students. 7. The daily intake of potassium, calcium, magnesium and zinc in middle school students in Huidong County, Huidong County, was significantly lower than that in the recommended standard. Sodium, iron, selenium and so on have reached the recommended reference standard (P0.05). 8. The daily intake of vitamin B1 and vitamin A of middle school students in Huidong county of Huidong county was obviously lower than that of recommended intake. Vitamin B _ 2 and vitamin C are reasonably up to the standard of recommended reference quantity (P _ (0.05).
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R151

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