中国2016年省级急性弛缓性麻痹监测人员对脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫策略转换的认知调查

发布时间：2018-05-14 23:38

  本文选题：急性弛缓性麻痹监测人员 + 脊髓灰质炎疫苗　； 参考：《中国疫苗和免疫》2017年02期

【摘要】：目的了解2016年省级急性弛缓性麻痹(Acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)监测人员对脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫苗免疫策略转换的认知度。方法抽取全国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区)31个省(自治区、直辖市)64名省级AFP监测人员进行问卷调查,对数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果调查对象对全球脊灰野病毒流行类型、脊灰新疫苗及程序、脊灰实验室方面内容的认知度分别为35.94%(23/64)、88.28%(113/128)、93.75%(180/192)。84.38%(56/64)的调查对象认为新脊灰疫苗和免疫程序对接种率有影响,原因为疫苗供应不足、不信任疫苗接种、引入二价脊灰减毒活疫苗(Bivalent oral attenuated poliovirus vaccine,bOPV)、引入国产脊灰灭活疫苗(Inactivated polio vaccine,IPV)、公众疑虑等。调查对象认为单例疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(Vaccine-derived poliovirus,VDPV)检出风险较高,循环VDPV(Circulating VDPV,cVDPV)检出风险较低;78.88%(46/64)的调查对象认为在脊灰疫苗免疫策略转换后需更加重视Ⅱ型免疫缺陷者VDPV(Immunodeficient VDPV,iVDPV)。结论 AFP监测人员对脊灰疫苗免疫策略转换的认知度较低,对引入IPV的意义认识不足,应加强对AFP监测人员的培训,以促进策略的顺利实施。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the awareness of provincial acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance staff on poliomyelitis (poliomyelitis) vaccine immunization strategy change in 2016. Methods A total of 64 provincial AFP monitors from 31 provinces (including Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative region and Taiwan) were investigated by questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results the survey subjects' awareness of the global epidemic types of wild poliovirus, new polio vaccines and procedures, and polio laboratory contents were 35.94 / 64 / 88.28 / 128 / 93.7575 / 180 / 84.38 / 5664%, respectively. The survey subjects considered that the new polio vaccine and immunization procedures had an impact on the coverage rate. The reasons are insufficient supply of vaccine, distrust of vaccination, introduction of bivalent oral attenuated poliovirus vaccine, introduction of domestic inactivated polio vaccine, public doubt, etc. The survey subjects considered that the risk of detection of vaccine-derived poliovirusus virus (VDPVV) was higher, and the risk of detection of circulating VDPVcVDPVV was lower (78.8888 / 46 / 64). The subjects considered that more attention should be paid to VDPV(Immunodeficient VDPV-iVDPVs in patients with type 鈪，

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