中国健康膳食指数建立与应用

发布时间：2018-05-24 16:11

本文选题：中国膳食 + 膳食指数　；参考：《营养学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的建立中国健康膳食指数(China Healthy Diet Index,CHDI),评价中国成年居民膳食质量及其特点。方法依据中国居民膳食指南选择CHDI构成指标。参照中国人群各类食物和营养素的推荐摄入量标准,确定每个构成指标的取值方法,利用2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测55528名18岁及以上人群数据,应用CHDI评价中国成年人的膳食总体状况及其特点。结果 CHDI由13个指标构成,包括9类食物摄入量(即精制谷物、全谷物和杂豆薯类、蔬菜总量、深色蔬菜、水果、奶类、大豆类、肉蛋类和鱼虾类)、食物种类、饱和脂肪酸供能比、纯能量食物供能比和钠摄入量。CHDI总分范围为0~100分,我国18岁及以上人群CHDI的平均得分(标准差)为49.18(11.89)。总体膳食质量呈现城市优于农村,女性优于男性,60~80岁人群优于其他年龄组人群,家庭收入、文化程度越高膳食质量越好,不吸烟人群优于吸烟人群、未婚或者已婚有配偶人群优于离异或丧偶人群。精制谷物摄入量、饱和脂肪供能比、纯能量食物供能比达到推荐量的比例较高,分别为83.9%,81.0%和64.2%;而钠、食物种类、水果类和奶类较低,分别为9.9%、5.3%、4.7%和4.3%。CHDI达到60分以上的比例为17.7%。结论 CHDI可以综合评价中国人群的膳食质量,不同社会、经济、健康特征人群膳食质量存在一定差异。总体来看,我国成年人膳食总体质量较低,其中食物种类不足、钠摄入量较高,水果和奶类摄入不足的问题更为突出。
[Abstract]:Objective to establish China Healthy Diet Index (CHDI) and evaluate the dietary quality and characteristics of Chinese adults. Methods according to the dietary guidelines of Chinese residents, CHDI was selected as an index. According to the standard of recommended intake of all kinds of food and nutrients in Chinese population, the method of determining the value of each component index was used to monitor the nutritional and health status of 55528 Chinese people aged 18 years and over from 2010 to 2012. The dietary status and characteristics of Chinese adults were evaluated by CHDI. Results CHDI was composed of 13 indexes, including 9 types of food intake (i.e. refined grains, whole grains and mixed beans, total vegetables, dark vegetables, fruits, milk, soybeans, meat and eggs, fish and shrimp, food types, etc.) The ratio of saturated fatty acid to energy, the ratio of pure energy to food and the total score of sodium intake. The total score of CHDI ranged from 0 to 100. The average CHDI score (standard deviation) of the population aged 18 years and over in China was 49.180.11.89%. The overall dietary quality of the city is better than that of the rural area, the female is superior to the male group of 6080 years old, the higher the family income, the higher the educational level, the better the quality of diet, and the better the non-smoking population is. Unmarried or married people with spouses are superior to divorced or widowed people. The proportion of refined grain intake, saturated fat energy supply ratio, pure energy food energy supply ratio to the recommended amount was higher, 83.1% and 64.2%, respectively, while sodium, food type, fruit type and milk were lower, which were 9.7% and 17.7%, respectively. Conclusion CHDI can comprehensively evaluate the dietary quality of Chinese population, and there are some differences in dietary quality among different social, economic and health characteristics. In general, the quality of adult diet in China is low, in which the food types are insufficient, the intake of sodium is high, and the problem of insufficient intake of fruit and milk is more prominent.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所;
【基金】：国家卫生计生委(原卫生部)医改重大项目-中国居民营养与健康状况监测(2010-2012年)
【分类号】：R151

【相似文献】