全身振动训练对老年人下肢功能和慢性疾病影响的研究与进展

发布时间：2018-05-28 21:26

本文选题：组织工程 + 振动　；参考：《中国组织工程研究》2017年08期

【摘要】：背景:近些年关于全身振动训练的研究在逐年增多,全身振动仪器也开始逐渐流行,全身振动训练的价值正在逐渐被挖掘,特别是不便于参加常规锻炼的体质弱势人群被认为能够在全身振动训练中受益,其中老年人占了较大比重。目的:阐述全身振动训练在下肢功能和慢性疾病两个方面对老年人产生的影响并对相应机制进行探讨,为其他全身振动训练研究提供参考。方法:由第一作者以"whole body vibration"为主题词在Web of Science核心合集数据库和PubMed数据库检索1998年至2015年的全身振动训练文献,然后以"older adult"、"elderly"、"seniors"和"aging"为关键词进行筛选;中文数据库选择中国知网(CNKI),以"振动训练"、"老年"、"高龄"为主题词进行检索,其中振动之于肺部疾病的研究除外。文献筛选时以60岁为标准来界定老年人群,下肢功能方面选择与老年人跌倒相关且易在全身振振动训练中产生效果的"神经肌肉功能"、"平衡功能"和"步行功能",慢性疾病方面选择与全身振动训练作用机制联系紧密的神经肌肉系统类和心血管系统类疾病,包括脑卒中、Ⅱ型糖尿病、高血压和帕金森病。结果与结论:老年人在全身振动训练中的下肢肌力增强效果显著,平衡和步行功能都得到了不同程度的提高。在慢性疾病(脑卒中、2型糖尿病、高血压及帕金森病)方面,全身振动训练的效用主要表现在神经-肌肉系统功能上,如肌力增强、肌肉僵硬和震颤程度减轻等,全身振动训练对老年人慢性疾病的部分指标也存在着改善效应。全身振动训练是一种安全、有效的训练方法,在肌肉力量、平衡和步行功能方面有提升需求的老年人可以使用此训练方法。老年人在选择全身振动训练时要衡量其投入-产出比,不能因其耽误常规治疗,关于全身振动训练未来还需要大量深度研究来明确已有效益及发现更多适用领域。
[Abstract]:Background: in recent years, the research on the whole body vibration training is increasing year by year, the whole body vibration instrument is also gradually popular, the value of the whole body vibration training is gradually being excavated. Especially the physically disadvantaged people who are not easy to take part in routine exercise are considered to be able to benefit from the whole body vibration training, in which the elderly account for a large proportion. Objective: to explore the effects of systemic vibration training on the elderly in lower extremity function and chronic disease, and to provide reference for the study of other systemic vibration training. Methods: using "whole body vibration" as the subject word, the first author searched the whole body vibration training literature from 1998 to 2015 in Web of Science core database and PubMed database, and then selected "older adult", "elderly", "seniors" and "aging" as keywords. The Chinese database was selected to search CNKI with the theme words "vibration training", "old age" and "old age", except for the study of vibration in lung diseases. In literature screening, 60 years old is used as the criterion to define the elderly population. In the lower limb function, the "neuromuscular function", "balance function" and "walking function" which are related to the fall of the elderly and which are easy to produce effects in the whole body vibration training are selected, and the chronic diseases are chosen to play a role in the whole body vibration training. Developing closely related neuromuscular and cardiovascular diseases, These include stroke, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and Parkinson's disease. Results and conclusion: in the whole body vibration training, the lower limb muscle strength of the elderly was significantly enhanced, and the balance and walking functions were improved in different degrees. In chronic diseases (stroke type 2 diabetes, hypertension and Parkinson's disease), the effects of systemic vibration training are mainly manifested in neuromuscular system functions, such as increased muscle strength, muscle stiffness and reduced tremor, etc. General vibration training also improved some indexes of chronic diseases in the elderly. The whole body vibration training is a safe and effective training method, which can be used by the elderly who need to improve their muscle strength, balance and walking ability. The old people should measure the input-output ratio when they choose the whole body vibration training, and can't delay the routine treatment because of it. The future of the whole body vibration training still needs a lot of deep research to make clear the existing benefits and find more applicable fields.
【作者单位】：上海体育学院体育教育训练学院;
【基金】：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(14490503600) 上海体育学院研究生教育创新基金(yjscx2015059)~~
【分类号】：R161.7

【参考文献】