肺结核患者愈后健康状况及存在问题调查分析

发布时间：2018-06-03 01:20

本文选题：肺结核 + 治愈　；参考：《青岛大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：调查了解肺结核患者愈后健康状况、膳食营养状况及存在的相关问题,为促进肺结核患者愈后健康恢复及防止复发提供参考。方法：在临沂市市随机选取两县,抽取部分乡镇选取愈后肺结核患者1261例为病例组和1261例非肺结核人群作为对照组,由经统一培训的调查员进行相关体格检查和问卷调查。主要内容包括：一般状况、临床体征、家庭、社会经济状况、膳食营养等存在问题。结果：愈后组有乏力症状者占44.2%,明显高于对照组22.9%(p0.01)；愈后组有呼吸困难症状者占20.3%,明显高于对照组6.3%(p0.01)；愈后组消瘦者检出率11.3%,明显高于对照组4.4%(p0.01)；愈后组超重或肥胖者225例,占17.8%,明显低于对照组31.9%(p0.01)。肺结核患者治愈1年内存在呼吸困难人数26.3%,1～5年内为22.3%,高于其他治愈后观察时间组,随着治愈时间延长,呼吸困难人数总体呈减少趋势；治愈后1年内存在消瘦症状者最多,治愈时间在1-5年间存在消瘦症状者比例较低。愈后组平均家庭年收入明显低于对照组(p0.01)；愈后组未婚者比例为10.8%,明显高于对照组5.6%(p0.01),而愈后组离婚者比例为1.4%,明显高于对照组0.2%(p0.01)；愈后组从事中、重体力活动者分别为43.1%和9.4%,均低于对照组的52.6%和12.5%。肺结核患者治愈后一周膳食中食物种类5种者占30.8%,很少吃奶、蛋、肉类者占22.9%,食欲不振者占10.8%,均明显高于对照组(p0.01)愈后组出现视物模糊者占36.3%,明显高于对照组27.2%。肺结核患者治愈后复发114例,占6.2%,治愈后一年内复发率最高为18.1%。结论：肺结核患者在治愈后健康状况仍比正常人群差,膳食营养状况有待提高,且在治愈后其自身、家庭乃至社会生活仍受到不同程度影响,应给予这部分人群更多关注,保障其生活质量。
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the health status of the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the nutritional status of the diet and the related problems, and to provide reference for the health recovery and prevention of relapse in the patients with tuberculosis. Methods: two counties were selected randomly in the city and city of Linyi, and 1261 cases of pulmonary nodules were selected and 1261 cases of non tuberculosis were selected. As the control group, the related physical examination and questionnaire survey were carried out by the unified trainer. The main contents include: general condition, clinical sign, family, social and economic condition, diet nutrition. Results: the patients with fatigue symptoms in the after group are 44.2%, and the obvious is higher than the control group 22.9% (P0.01); the later group has dyspnea. The symptoms were 20.3%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (6.3%) (P0.01), and the rate of emaciation in the later group was 11.3%, significantly higher than that of the control group (4.4%) (P0.01); 225 cases of overweight or obesity in the later group were 17.8%, obviously lower than the control group (31.9%) (P0.01). The number of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in 1 years was 26.3%, and 1~5 years was 1~5 years, higher than the other cure. In the observation time group, the number of people with dyspnea showed a decreasing trend as the cure time was prolonged; the most thin symptoms in the 1 years after the cure and the lower rate of emaciation symptoms in the 1-5 years were lower. The average annual income of the later group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.01), and the proportion of unmarried people in the later group was 10.8%, obviously higher than the control group. Group 5.6% (P0.01), and after the recovery group, the proportion of divorced persons was 1.4%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.2% (P0.01)), and those in the later group were 43.1% and 9.4% with heavy physical activity, respectively, which were lower than 52.6% and 12.5%. in the control group. 5 kinds of food in the diet were 30.8% in the week after the cure, and there were little milk, eggs, meat, 22.9%, and poor appetite. 10.8%, obviously higher than the control group (P0.01) after the treatment group of 36.3%, obviously higher than the control group 27.2%. tuberculosis patients relapsed 114 cases, accounting for 6.2%, the highest recurrence rate within a year after the cure was 18.1%. conclusion: pulmonary tuberculosis patients are still worse than normal people after the cure, dietary nutritional status needs to be improved, and in After cure, their own family and social life are still affected to varying degrees. This group of people should be given more attention to ensure their quality of life.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R153.9;R521

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