吸入性氚化粒子在人体肺部组织中吸收剂量的研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 22:28

本文选题：氚化粒子 + 肺泡-间质区　；参考：《原子核物理评论》2015年02期

【摘要】：涉氚核设施在检修及退役时,其产生的氚化粒子容易被工作人员误吸入,并在呼吸系统的不同部位停留,部分尺寸较小的粒子可能在肺泡间质区(AI区)停留超过1年的时间。氚粒子通过β衰变释放电子,在释放电子的同时以及释放的电子与周围原子相互作用还会分别产生出内、外轫致辐射,这些都会对人体肺部组织造成辐射损伤。本文采用蒙特卡罗程序PENELOPE对多种氚化粒子在人体肺部组织中的吸收剂量进行了模拟计算,特别是讨论了氚β衰变的内轫致辐射的贡献。研究发现,电子辐射对人体肺泡产生的吸收剂量大于外、内轫致辐射,但后两者作用距离较长,对人体造成的影响重要;电子辐射吸收剂量随着粒子尺寸的增大以及金属原子序数的增大而减小;外轫致辐射吸收剂量随着粒子尺寸的增大而减小,随着金属原子序数的增大而增大;内轫致辐射吸收剂量随着粒子尺寸的增大以及金属原子序数的增大而减小。
[Abstract]:When the tritiated nuclear facilities are overhauled and decommissioned, the tritiated particles produced by them are easily inhaled by the workers and stay in different parts of the respiratory system. Some of the smaller particles may stay in the alveolar interstitial area (AI) for more than a year. Tritium particles release electrons through beta decay, and at the same time release electrons and their interaction with the surrounding atoms will produce internal and external Bremsstrahlung radiation, which will cause radiation damage to human lung tissue. In this paper, Monte Carlo program PENELOPE is used to simulate the absorbed doses of various tritiated particles in human lung tissue, especially the contribution of internal Bremsstrahlung radiation to tritium 尾 decay is discussed. It is found that the absorbed dose of electron radiation to human alveoli is higher than that of external and internal Bremsstrahlung radiation, but the distance between the latter two is relatively long, and the effect on human body is important. The absorbed dose of electron radiation decreases with the increase of particle size and the atomic number of metal, while the absorbed dose of external Bremsstrahlung decreases with the increase of particle size and increases with the increase of atomic number of metal. The absorbed dose of internal Bremsstrahlung decreases with the increase of particle size and atomic number of metal.
【作者单位】：四川大学原子核科学技术研究所辐射物理及技术教育部重点实验室;中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所;
【分类号】：R144

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