2016年南京市农村地区环境卫生状况调查分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 12:25

本文选题：农村 + 环境卫生　；参考：《现代预防医学》2017年21期

【摘要】：目的了解南京市地区农村生活饮用水、厕所卫生及生活垃圾污水处理情况,为继续推进农村环境卫生建设提供依据。方法按照监测方案随机抽取高淳区和浦口区作为监测点,每个区抽取5个乡镇,每个乡镇抽取4个行政村,每个村抽取5户农户共计200户农户,进行现场问卷调查和土壤样本采集。结果 40个监测点供水方式均为集中式供水,87.50%(35/40)的监测点生活垃圾收集方式为统一收集;200户对粪便处理方式中比例最多的为进入排水系统(59.00%,118/200);40份土壤样品中蛔虫和蛔虫卵均未检出,铬、铅含量均达到土壤无机污染物的环境质量二级要求。结论南京市农村地区厕所卫生有待加强,生活污水及生活垃圾仍存在不合理排放,应进一步加强农村环境卫生建设,逐步减小环境不良因素危害。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the situation of drinking water, toilet sanitation and municipal solid waste (MSW) sewage treatment in rural areas of Nanjing. Methods according to the monitoring scheme, Gaochun and Pukou districts were randomly selected as monitoring points. Five villages were selected from each district, 4 administrative villages from each village, and 200 households from each village. Field questionnaire survey and soil sample collection were carried out. Results of the 40 monitoring sites, all of them were centralized water supply (87.50 / 35 / 40). Among the collection methods of domestic waste, the largest proportion was 59.00 / 118 / 200 soil samples and none of Ascaris and Ascaris eggs were detected in 40 soil samples collected from 200 households in a unified collection system, the highest proportion of which was to enter the drainage system and 40 soil samples were collected from the same area as Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. The content of chromium and lead reached the second class requirement of environmental quality of inorganic pollutants in soil. Conclusion the sanitation of toilets in rural areas of Nanjing needs to be strengthened, and there is still unreasonable discharge of domestic sewage and domestic refuse. It is necessary to further strengthen the construction of environmental hygiene in rural areas and gradually reduce the harm of adverse environmental factors.
【作者单位】：南京市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科;
【分类号】：R127

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