基于规制理论对国内外食品安全社会性规制工具（舆论监督）的比较分析

发布时间：2018-06-22 02:14

本文选题：食品安全 + 公共危机　；参考：《山西医科大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的：食品安全关系到广大人民群众的身体健康和生命安全，关系到国民经济的健康发展和社会的和谐稳定，关系到国家和政府的形象。随着经济全球化和区域经济一体化不断发展，国际食品贸易不断增长，而屡屡发生的食品安全危机事件使食品安全成为国内外贸易所关注的焦点之一。通过对美国、英国、日本食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的对比分析，进一步完善食品安全公共危机中的舆论监督。分别通过统计分析、实证研究，探讨食品安全公共危机中舆论监督之不足并提出改进方案。重点构建食品安全公共危机中舆论监督框架，从而推进食品安全监管体制的改革。本文的研究结果对改善和提高人民生活质量、保障公众的身体健康、维护社会的稳定、增加社会的经济实力和促进食品国际贸易都有极为重要的理论意义和现实意义。研究方法：本课题在国内外已有相关研究的基础上，以规制理论为背景，从社会性规制工具的研究入手，运用历史文献考证法和历史比较法来对国内外食品安全公共危机中的舆论监督进行比较分析。运用实证分析法中的定性分析法、案例分析法、SWOT分析方法、Excel数据库、专家访谈和小组讨论法等，实证探究了我国食品安全社会性规制工具中针对食品安全公共危机中舆论监督方面存在之问题。在此基础上提出我国食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的框架设计，为食品安全监管研究提供一个综合维度的新视角。研究结果：第一部分：国外食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的比较分析本文认为引发食品安全公共危机，归结到底是舆论监督不到位，是媒体等舆论媒介不积极甚至没有发挥作用的结果。第二部分：近年来我国食品安全公共危机事件中舆论监督的实证研究 1．食品安全问题的监督。首先，当前舆论监督相对全面的；其次，，时间上是连续的；再次，数量基本上体现了所报道问题的严重性；第四，报道监督不足会误导公众对问题严重性的判断。 2.食品安全公共危机实施舆论监督的相关主要新闻媒体信息。较大的媒体都对食品安全公共危机进行了舆论的相关监督。 3.食品安全公共危机舆论监督实施过程中的地区信息。首先，发达地区的监督事件较普通地区和欠发达区的数量明显增大；其次，北京、广东和上海比香港地区舆论监督数量明显多，但是并不能说它们比香港地区的食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的体系完善。第三部分：对我国“三鹿奶粉”事件进行舆论监督的实证研究研究了我国舆论监督的优势与不足。优势：弥补了常规食品安全公共危机事件中舆论监督的不足；加强食品安全危机意识；促动民众参与食品安全危机的监管；不足：忽略了舆论监督的基本原则。第四部分：在对比研究和实证研究的基础上提出了我国食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的框架在法律法规、媒体互动、信息共享完备三大框架下，依次从战略层面应对、法律法规体系、行政授权模式、分层分类指导、事件性质界定、公众健康警报、危机沟通方式、信息传递渠道、情报公开机制和新闻术语口径十个方面，分析、研究，并构建了我国食品安全公共危机中舆论监督框架。研究结论：第一部分：依据国外食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的特点：1.媒体、政府和公众三者结合起来，发挥应有的监督效果；2.注重建立奖励和举报制度，让其危机事件制止在萌芽状态；3.开展无偿的食品安全教育知识，宣传食品安全法律知识，从而完善我国食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的策略。第二部分：实证研究结论 1.食品安全问题的监督。(1)逐步加强其它食品安全问题的报道监督，防止类似食品添加剂的食品安全危机的再次大规模爆发；(2)建议舆论监督应保持持续性。 2.食品安全公共危机实施舆论监督的相关主要新闻媒体信息。(1)提高舆论监督的覆盖面，拓展舆论监督的渠道，实现大众媒体和专门媒体相结合的舆论监督；(2)全方位的进行食品安全公共危机的报道、曝光和监、指导。 3.食品安全公共危机中舆论监督实施过程中的地区信息。(1)建议完善欠发达地区对食品安全危机报道和监督的体系建设，实现创新模式；(2)关注农村、关注基层、关注老百姓，为全国广大人民服务；(3)建议大陆地区学习和研究香港的经验。完善监督体制，加强监督力度，疏通监督过程。第三部分：进一步完善我国食品安全危机的舆论监督。(1)贯彻公开透明的原则；(2)实现及时报到；(3)建立整个行业的信任感；(4)媒体记者应正确使用权力。第四部分：构建了我国食品安全危机中舆论监督的体系，从战略层面应对、法律法规体系、行政授权模式、分层分类指导、事件性质界定、公众健康警报、危机沟通方式、信息传递渠道、情报公开机制和新闻术语口径十个方面为确保食品安全、人类健康和社会的稳定做出贡献。创新点：在我国不时发生的食品安全公共危机事件，是市场失灵与管制失灵并存的情况下各种深层次矛盾的显露。针对食品安全公共危机和舆论监督的研究很多，但是将两者有机的结合并提出我国食品安全公共危机中舆论监督的框架设计的研究尚不多见。如何面对国情，在既定的制度框架下，研究中国特色的食品安全监管之路，是本研究力图创新之处。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the study is:
Food safety is related to the health and safety of the masses of the people, the healthy development of the national economy and the harmony and stability of the society, the image of the state and the government. With the continuous development of the economic globalization and regional economic integration, the international food trade is growing, and the food safety crisis has occurred repeatedly. Food safety has become one of the focus of domestic and foreign trade. Through the comparative analysis of public opinion supervision in the public crisis of food safety in the United States, Britain and Japan, the supervision of public opinion in the public crisis of food safety is further perfected. The shortcomings of public opinion supervision in the public crisis of food safety are discussed and discussed respectively through statistical analysis and empirical research. We should focus on building a framework of public opinion supervision in the public crisis of food safety, so as to promote the reform of food safety regulatory system.
The results of this study are of great theoretical and practical significance to improve and improve the quality of life of the people, to safeguard the health of the public, to maintain social stability, to increase the economic strength of the society and to promote the international trade in food.
Research methods:
On the basis of relevant research at home and abroad, this paper takes the theory of regulation as the background, starting with the research of social regulation tools, using historical literature examination method and historical comparison method to compare the public opinion supervision in the public food security crisis at home and abroad. The qualitative analysis method, case analysis method, SW The OT analysis method, the Excel database, the expert interview and the group discussion method, and so on, have proved the problems in the public opinion supervision of the food safety public crisis in our country's food safety social regulation tool. On this basis, the frame design of public opinion supervision in the public food safety crisis in China is put forward, and the research on the food safety supervision is studied. Provide a new perspective of a comprehensive dimension.
The results of the study:
Part one: comparative analysis of public opinion supervision in public crisis of food safety abroad.
This paper argues that the public crisis leading to food safety is due to the fact that media supervision is not in place, and that the media and other media are not active or even not functioning.
The second part: Empirical Research on public opinion supervision in China's food safety public crisis in recent years.
1. the supervision of food safety problems. First of all, the current supervision of public opinion is relatively comprehensive; secondly, the time is continuous; again, the quantity basically reflects the seriousness of the reported problems; fourth, the lack of coverage of the report will mislead the public to judge the serious problem.
2. the public crisis of food safety implements the main news media information about public opinion supervision. The larger media have conducted public opinion on the public crisis of food safety.
3. the regional information in the process of public opinion supervision and implementation of public crisis of food safety. First, the number of supervision events in developed areas is obviously larger than that in the common and underdeveloped areas; secondly, the number of public opinion supervision in Beijing, Guangdong and Shanghai is more obvious than that in Hongkong, but it can not be said that they are more than the food safety public crisis in the Hongkong region. The system of supervision by public opinion is perfect.
The third part: An Empirical Study of public opinion supervision of Sanlu milk powder incident in China.
The advantages and disadvantages of public opinion supervision in China are studied. Advantages are made up to make up for the lack of public opinion supervision in the common food safety crisis, strengthen the awareness of food safety crisis, promote the public participation in the supervision of food safety crisis, and ignore the basic principles of public opinion supervision.
The fourth part: on the basis of comparative study and empirical research, the framework of public opinion supervision in China's food safety public crisis is put forward.
Under the three frameworks of laws, regulations, media interaction and information sharing, the following ten aspects: the strategic response, the legal system, the administrative authorization model, the hierarchical classification guidance, the definition of the nature of the events, the public health alarm, the crisis communication mode, the information transmission channel, the information public opening system and the news terms caliber, and the analysis, research, and construction. The framework of public opinion supervision in China's food safety public crisis.
The conclusions are as follows:
The first part: according to the characteristics of public opinion supervision in the public crisis of foreign food safety: 1. media, the government and the public three together, play their due supervision effect; 2. pay attention to the establishment of incentive and reporting system, to stop the crisis in the germination state; 3. to carry out unpaid food safety education knowledge, publicity food safety law knowledge. Therefore, we should improve the strategy of public opinion supervision in the public crisis of food safety in China.
The second part: the conclusion of the empirical study
1. supervision of food safety issues. (1) gradually strengthen the supervision of other food safety issues and prevent a large-scale outbreak of food safety crisis like food additives. (2) it is suggested that the supervision of public opinion should remain persistent.
2. the public crisis of food safety implementation of public opinion supervision of the main news media information. (1) to improve the coverage of public opinion supervision, to expand the channel of public opinion supervision, to realize public media and special media to combine public opinion supervision; (2) a full range of reports of food safety public danger, exposure and supervision, guidance.
3. the regional information in the process of public opinion supervision and implementation in the public crisis of food safety. (1) recommending perfecting the system construction of the food safety crisis reporting and supervision in the underdeveloped areas and realizing the innovation model; (2) paying attention to the rural areas, paying attention to the grass-roots level, paying attention to the people and serving the people in the country, and (3) suggesting that the mainland should study and study the Hongkong classics Improve supervision system, strengthen supervision and dredge supervision process.
The third part: to further improve the supervision of public opinion on the crisis of food safety in China. (1) implement the principle of openness and transparency; (2) realize timely reporting; (3) establish a sense of trust in the whole industry; (4) media journalists should use power correctly.
The fourth part: Construction of the public opinion supervision system in the food safety crisis in China, from the strategic level, the legal system, the administrative authorization model, the stratified classification guidance, the definition of the nature of the event, the public health alarm, the crisis communication mode, the information transmission channel, the information public opening system and the news terminology caliber to ensure the food safety. All, human health and social stability make contributions.
Innovation point:
In our country, the public crisis of food safety occurs frequently in China, which is the exposure of various deep contradictions under the coexistence of market failure and control failure. There are many studies on the public crisis of food safety and the supervision of public opinion, but they combine the two and put forward the framework of public opinion supervision in the public food security crisis. The research is still rare. How to face the national conditions and study the way of food safety supervision with Chinese characteristics under the established institutional framework is the innovation of this research.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R155.5

【参考文献】