老年人自我感知老化、健康行为与housebound的关系

发布时间：2018-06-29 00:38

本文选题：老年人 + 居家不出　；参考：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的探讨社区老年人自我感知老化、健康行为及housebound(居家不出)的影响因素,并构建三者间的结构方程模型,明确老年人自我感知老化、健康行为与housebound的关系,为有效改善老年人的housebound提供依据。方法本研究采用整群抽样方法。首先,将邯郸市的3个行政区编号,抽签抽取1个行政区,即复兴区;然后按上述方法从复兴区的65个社区中抽签抽取1个社区。于2015年10月~2016年4月对抽取的建安社区内符合条件的1455名老年人进行问卷调查,采用统一的housebound量表、健康促进生活方式量表、老化感知量表、家庭关怀度量表、老年抑郁量表、社会支持量表和一般情况调查表,以在社区卫生服务中心现场参与的方式对研究对象进行面对面访谈式调查。对不能到调查现场的老年人进行入户调查,确保社区内每一位符合要求的老年人均能被调查。所有问卷填写完成后当场收回,并及时检查。所有资料应用SPSS22.0和AMOS21.0统计软件包进行数据分析,统计方法包括描述性分析、t检验、χ~2检验、方差分析、Pearson相关分析、多元线性回归分析、多因素非条件Logistic回归分析及结构方程模型分析等。结果1老年人自我感知老化消极维度的得分指标(72.58%)较积极维度的得分指标(61.20%)高。多元线性回归分析结果显示:高龄、体重指数异常、职业为其他、患慢性病数量多、使用助行器、健康自评差、经常有孤独感、家庭关怀度差是老年人自我感知老化消极维度的危险因素。2职业为其他、月收入低、患慢性病数量多、长期用药、使用助行器、健康自评差、经常有孤独感、抑郁、家庭关怀度差、社会支持少是老年人健康行为差的影响因素。3邯郸市社区老年人housebound的发生率为15.4%。4 Pearson相关分析结果显示:老年人自我感知老化的积极维度总分、积极控制维度及健康行为与housebound呈负相关(r=-0.362~-0.468,P0.05);自我感知老化的消极维度总分、周期时间性维度、情感表征维度、认同维度与housebound呈正相关(r=0.315~0.388,P0.05)。结构方程模型显示:健康行为对housebound有直接负向效应(β=-0.177,P0.05);自我感知老化的积极控制维度对housebound有直接负向效应(β=-0.299,P0.05),消极维度对housebound有直接正向效应(β=0.772,P0.05),健康行为还以自我感知老化的消极维度为中介变量对housebound有间接影响(β=-0.336,P0.05)。结论1老年人自我感知老化消极维度的得分指标较高,高龄、体重指数异常、职业为其他、患慢性病数量多、使用助行器、健康自评差、经常有孤独感、家庭关怀度差是老年人消极自我感知老化的影响因素。2职业为其他、月收入低、患慢性病数量多、长期用药、使用助行器、健康自评差、经常有孤独感、抑郁、家庭关怀度差、社会支持少的老年人健康行为较差。3社区老年人housebound的发生率为15.4%。4老年人的自我感知老化、健康行为和housebound相关;健康行为及积极的自我感知老化负向影响housebound,消极的自我感知老化正向影响housebound;健康行为还以消极的自我感知老化作为中介变量间接负向影响其housebound。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the influencing factors of self perceived aging, healthy behavior and housebound (not home) of the elderly in the community, and construct the structural equation model between the three people, to identify the aging of the elderly, the relationship between the healthy behavior and the housebound, and to provide the basis for the effective improvement of the housebound of the elderly. First, the 3 administrative districts of Handan were numbered, and 1 administrative districts were drawn, namely, the revival area; and then 1 communities were drawn from 65 communities in the revival area according to the above methods. In April, October 2015, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the eligible 1455 eligible elderly people in the Jianan community, and the unified housebound scale was adopted. To promote life style scale, aging perception scale, family care measure, senile depression scale, social support scale and general questionnaire to conduct face-to-face interview on research subjects in the way of community health service center. An elderly person who met the requirements could be investigated. All the questionnaires were completed and checked in time. All the data were analyzed with SPSS22.0 and AMOS21.0 software packages. The statistical methods included descriptive analysis, t test, X ~2 test, variance analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, multi factor non strip analysis. Logistic regression analysis and structural equation model analysis. Results the score index of negative dimension of self perceived aging in 1 elderly people (72.58%) was higher than that of the positive dimension (61.20%). The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the elderly, the body mass index was abnormal, the occupation was his, the number of chronic diseases, the use of AIDS, health self-assessment, Often there is a sense of loneliness. Poor family care is the risk factor for the aging negative dimension of aging,.2 occupation is other, the monthly income is low, the number of chronic diseases is more, the long-term use of drugs, the use of the aid, the poor health, the loneliness, the depression, the poor family care, the less social support are the influencing factors of the old people's poor health behavior,.3 Handan. The incidence of housebound in the elderly people in the community was 15.4%.4 Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that the positive dimension total score, the positive control dimension and the healthy behavior were negatively correlated with housebound (r=-0.362~-0.468, P0.05), the elimination dimension total score, the periodic time dimension, the emotion characterization dimension, The identity dimension was positively correlated with housebound (r=0.315~0.388, P0.05). The structural equation model showed that healthy behavior had a direct negative effect on housebound (beta =-0.177, P0.05); the positive control dimension of self perceived aging had direct negative effect on housebound (beta =-0.299, P0.05), and negative dimensions had direct positive effects on housebound (beta =0.772, P0.0). 5), healthy behavior also has indirect influence on housebound (beta =-0.336, P0.05). Conclusion the score index of negative dimension of self perceived aging in 1 elderly people is higher, older age, abnormal body mass index, occupation for other, more chronic disease, use aid, health self-evaluation, often loneliness, Poor family care degree is the influence factor of senile negative self perception aging,.2 occupation is other, the monthly income is low, the number of chronic diseases is more, the long-term use of drugs, health self-assessment, often loneliness, depression, poor family care, poor social support for the elderly people with poor health behavior in the elderly.3 community housebound incidence rate is 15.4%.4 elderly people's self perceived aging, healthy behavior and housebound related, healthy behavior and positive self perceived aging negatively affect housebound, negative self perceived aging is positively affecting housebound; healthy behavior also negatively affects its housebound. with negative self perceived aging as an intermediary variable.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R161.7

【参考文献】