典型环境内分泌干扰物的人体暴露及健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-07-03 09:58

本文选题：邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs) + 二苯甲酮(BPs)型紫外吸收剂　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：环境内分泌干扰物(Environmental endocrine disruptors,EEDs)是一类可导致健康有机体内分泌紊乱的物质。邻苯二甲酸酯(Phthalate Esters,PAEs)、二苯甲酮(Benzophenone,BP)型紫外吸收剂和双酚A(Bisphenol A,BPA)是三类重要的EEDs,广泛应用于各类产品中,可通过挥发、溶解等方式释放到环境中,并经饮食摄入、呼吸吸入以及皮肤接触等方式进入人体,对人体健康产生不利影响。本文采集全国范围内109份青年人群尿液样品,全面系统地分析了青年人群体内PAEs、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的暴露水平,并以哈尔滨市PAEs、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA职业暴露人群为研究对象,采集60份职业暴露人群尿液样品,分析不同职业人群尿液中PAEs、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的污染特征,确定人体内PAEs、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA暴露的潜在来源。同时,计算青年人群和哈尔滨市职业暴露人群体内PAEs、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的暴露量,确定青年人群和职业暴露人群体内PAEs、BP型紫外吸剂和BPA单一暴露风险和累积暴露风险。在此基础上,以人体内累积风险理论为基础,建立人体内PAEs和BPA暴露的累积风险可靠性评估方法,评估青年人群和职业暴露人群体内PAEs和BPA的累积风险。我国青年人群尿液中PAEs代谢物、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的总浓度范围分别为71.3-2670 ng/m L、0.18-67.1 ng/m L和0.19-23.9 ng/m L,m MP、m BP、mi BP和DEHP代谢物是主要的PAEs代谢物,BP-3、BP-1和4-HBP是主要的BP型紫外吸收剂。青年人群尿液中PAEs代谢物、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的来源复杂,饮食摄入是DEHP代谢物和BP-8的主要来源,饮食摄入和呼吸是m CPP、m BP和mi BP的共同来源,气态空气是m MP、4-HBP、BP-2和BPA主要来源,个人护理品是m EP的主要来源。哈尔滨市职业暴露人群尿液中PAEs代谢物、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的总浓度高于哈尔滨市普通人群,职业暴露人群尿液中各种PAEs代谢物和BP型紫外吸收剂的组成特征与普通人群相比差异较大。建筑材料、油漆涂料和美发产品是DMP的重要来源,美发产品是DEP的重要来源,油漆涂料、地板材料、纺织品和美发产品是DBP和DIBP的重要来源,地板材料、油漆涂料和纺织品是DEHP的重要来源。建筑材料、油漆涂料和纺织品是BP-2的重要来源,建筑材料、油漆涂料、电子产品和地板材料是BPA的重要来源。我国青年人群体内PAEs、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的暴露量计算结果表明,PAEs的暴露量占三类物质暴露总量的99%以上。我国部分青年人群对于单一PAEs的暴露水平已超出了欧洲食品安全局(EFSA)建议的安全标准,青年人群对于PAEs和BPA的累积暴露存在致病风险,危险指数超出安全阈值(HI1)的比例为39.8%。同时,以累积风险理论为基础,对DBP、DIBP、DEHP4类样本进行了概率密度拟合,建立了人体PAEs和BPA累积暴露风险的极限状态方程,计算了PAEs和BPA累积风险的可靠指标和失效概率,对人体内三种PAEs(DBP、DIBP、DEHP)和BPA暴露量的累积风险进行可靠性评估,结果表明,青年人群体内PAEs和BPA累积暴露风险的可靠性指标为0.41,失效概率为34.02%,说明我国青年人群体内PAEs和BPA的累积暴露量存在较高的致病风险。本文首次在国家尺度层面上同时分析了PAEs、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA在人体内的暴露情况,具有广泛的代表性。PAEs代谢物、BP型紫外吸收剂和BPA的人体监测研究是的人体暴露评价的重要组成部分,可为评估我国青年人群体内此类物质的健康风险水平和暴露控制策略提供数据支持和理论依据。同时,建立基于累积风险理论的可靠性方法,评估人体内多种污染物累积风险的可靠性,可为更加准确的评估人体内PAEs和BPA的累积致病风险提供可靠的依据。
[Abstract]:Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) is a class of substances that can cause endocrine disorders in healthy organisms. Phthalate (Phthalate Esters, PAEs), two benzophenone (Benzophenone, BP) type UV Absorbents and bisphenol A (Bisphenol A) are the three important categories of products, which are widely used in various products. It was released into the environment by excessive volatilization and dissolution, and entered the human body through diet intake, breathing inhalation and skin contact. The urine samples of 109 young people throughout the country were collected, and the exposure levels of PAEs, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA in young people were systematically analyzed. The urine samples of 60 occupational exposed populations were collected from Harbin PAEs, BP UV Absorbents and BPA occupational exposure population. The contamination characteristics of PAEs, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA in urine of different occupational groups were analyzed, and the potential sources of PAEs, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA exposure in human body were determined. Meanwhile, the young people and the young people were calculated. PAEs, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA exposure in the occupational exposure population of Harbin, determine the risk and risk of single exposure and cumulative exposure of PAEs, BP type and BPA in young and occupational exposed populations. Based on this, the cumulative risk of PAEs and BPA exposure in the human body is based on the cumulative risk theory of human body, and the cumulative risk of PAEs and BPA exposure can be established. The cumulative risk of PAEs and BPA in young people and occupationally exposed populations was evaluated by sex assessment. The total concentrations of PAEs metabolites, BP type UV absorbers and BPA in the urine of young people in our country were 71.3-2670 ng/m L, 0.18-67.1 ng/m L and 0.19-23.9, respectively. BP-1 and 4-HBP are the main BP type ultraviolet absorbents. The urine of young people is PAEs metabolites, BP type ultraviolet absorbents and BPA sources are complex. Dietary intake is the main source of DEHP metabolites and BP-8. Dietary intake and respiration are the common source of M CPP, m BP and BP-8. The main source of EP. The total concentration of PAEs metabolites in urine, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA in Harbin occupational exposure population is higher than that of the common people in Harbin. The composition characteristics of various PAEs metabolites and BP type UV Absorbents in the urine of occupational exposure population are different from those of the general population. It is an important source of DMP. Hairdressing is an important source of DEP. Paints, flooring materials, textiles and hair products are important sources of DBP and DIBP. Floor materials, paints and textiles are important sources of DEHP. Building materials, paint coatings and textiles are the important sources of BP-2, construction materials, paint and coatings, electronic products and sites. Plate material is an important source of BPA. The results of PAEs, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA exposure in our young people showed that the exposure of PAEs accounted for more than 99% of the total exposure of three types of material. The exposure level of some young people to a single PAEs in our country exceeded the safety standards recommended by the European Food Safety Bureau (EFSA), young people. The cumulative exposure to PAEs and BPA has a pathogenic risk. The risk index exceeds the safety threshold (HI1) ratio 39.8%.. Based on the cumulative risk theory, the probability density fitting is carried out on the DBP, DIBP and DEHP4 samples. The limit state equation for the cumulative exposure of PAEs and BPA in human body is established, and the cumulative risk of PAEs and BPA is calculated. Reliability index and failure probability are used to evaluate the cumulative risk of three kinds of PAEs (DBP, DIBP, DEHP) and BPA exposure in the human body. The results show that the reliability index of the cumulative exposure risk of PAEs and BPA in the young people is 0.41 and the failure probability is 34.02%, which indicates that the cumulative exposure of PAEs and BPA in the young people of our country is high. It is the first time to analyze the exposure of PAEs, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA in the human body at the national scale, with extensive representative.PAEs metabolites, BP type UV Absorbents and BPA human monitoring research as an important part of human exposure evaluation, which can be used to evaluate the body of young people in our country. The health risk level of the substance and the exposure control strategy provide data support and theoretical basis. At the same time, a reliability method based on cumulative risk theory is established to assess the reliability of cumulative risk of multiple pollutants in the human body, which can provide a reliable basis for more accurate assessment of the cumulative risk of PAEs and BPA in the human body.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R114

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