海南岛海域麻痹性贝毒和腹泻性贝毒的污染状况及其监测管理方案设计
发布时间：2018-07-14 11:14
【摘要】：近年来海南岛海域赤潮频发，因食用贝类而引起的麻痹性贝毒（paralytic shellfishpoisoning，PSP）和腹泻性贝毒（diarrhetic shellfish poisoning，DSP）中毒事件时有发生，严重制约海南岛滨海旅游业和水产养殖业的发展并威胁人类的健康。为此，本研究于2010年冬季至2011年秋季间，在海南岛的文昌、澄迈、洋浦、陵水等5个海域采集了14种95份贝类样品，进行PSP和DSP检测，旨在获取PSP和DSP在海南岛沿海海域的分布特征。主要研究结果如下： 1、海南岛海域PSP的污染状况 ①海南岛沿海海域贝类中PSP的含量较低，最高检出毒力值为3.576Mu/g，检出率为11.58%。②海南岛沿海海域贝类中PSP的季节变化非常明显，以冬季最高，秋季次之，其他两季均未检出PSP。③海南岛沿海海域贝类中PSP的地理分布较广，除澄迈海域没有检出，文昌、洋浦等沿海贝类中均有PSP检出，其中陵水沿海海域贝类中PSP的检出率最高。④海南岛海域贝类中PSP的主要富集种为细纹卵蛤、织纹螺、翡翠贻贝和栉江珧。⑤共检出11种PSP成分，主要成分有GTX1、GTX4、C1、C2，高毒力值的NEO和STX含量较少，其它毒素成分如deGTX3，deGTX2，GTX3，GTX2和dcSTX的含量也十分低。 2、海南岛海域DSP的污染状况 ①海南岛海域贝类中的DSP检出率和超标率均比较高，分别达到46.32%和33.68%。在超标的贝类样品中，最高毒力值达0.2Mu/g。②海南岛海域贝类中DSP的污染状况在冬季最为严重，，检出率和超标率均达到56.25%，夏季贝类中的DSP污染最小，贝类中DSP含量无超标情况。③海南岛海域贝类中DSP的分布范围较为广泛，在各个采样点均有检出，就地域分布而言，海南岛东、南部海域贝类中DSP的污染状况较西、北部严重。④此次在海南岛海域共调查了14种贝类，其中有11种贝类中检测出含有DSP，分别是裂纹格特蛤、华贵栉孔扇贝、魁蚶、栉江珧、方斑东风螺、波纹巴非蛤、文蛤、衣紫蛤、织纹螺、近江牡蛎和翡翠贻贝，其中污染状况较为严重有栉江珧、裂纹格特蛤、近江牡蛎、华贵栉孔扇贝和魁蚶。 在此调查研究的基础上，本论文设计了海南岛沿海海域的贝毒监测和管理方案，为相关部门在贝类赤潮毒素管理方面提供理论参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, red tide occurs frequently in Hainan Island. Paralytic shellfish poisonings and (diarrhetic shellfish poisonings caused by consumption of shellfish occur frequently, which seriously restricts the development of coastal tourism and aquaculture in Hainan Island and threatens the health of human beings. Therefore, from winter 2010 to autumn 2011, 14 species and 95 shellfish samples were collected from Wenchang, Chengmai, Yangpu and Lingshui in Hainan Island for PSP and DSP detection. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the distribution characteristics of PSP and DSP in the coastal waters of Hainan Island. The main results are as follows: 1. The pollution status of PSP in Hainan Island Sea area 1 the content of PSP in shellfish in Hainan Island coastal area is relatively low. The highest detectable virulence was 3.576Mu/ g, and the detectable rate was 11.58.2 the seasonal variation of PSP in the shellfish of Hainan Island was very obvious, the highest in winter, followed in autumn, and the geographical distribution of PSP in the shellfish of Hainan Island in the other two seasons was not detected. Except in Chengmai sea area, PSP was detected in coastal shellfish such as Wenchang, Yangpu, etc. The highest PSP detection rate was found in shellfish in Lingshui coastal area. 4. The main enrichment species of PSP in shellfish in Hainan Island were fine egg clam and snail. A total of 11 PSP components were detected from mussel and Pinna pectinata. The main components were GTX1, GTX4, C1C2, and the contents of neo and STX with high virulence were less. The contents of other toxins, such as deGTX3, deGTX2, GTX3, GTX2 and dcSTX, are also very low. 2. The pollution status of DSP in Hainan Island is very high, and the detection rate and exceeding rate of DSP in shellfish in Hainan Island are higher, reaching 46.32% and 33.68%, respectively. The highest virulence of DSP in shellfish samples was 0.2Mu/ g.2 in Hainan Island in winter. The detection rate and over-standard rate of DSP in shellfish were 56.25% and 56.25% respectively, and in summer the pollution of DSP in shellfish was the least. DSP content in shellfish without exceeding the standard. 3 the distribution of DSP in shellfish in Hainan Island is more extensive, and it has been detected at all sampling points. In terms of regional distribution, the pollution status of DSP in shellfish in the east and south of Hainan Island is more western than that in the east of Hainan Island. A total of 14 species of shellfish were investigated in the sea area of Hainan Island in the northern part of the country. Among them, 11 species of shellfish were found to contain DSPs, respectively, including crack Gete clam, chlamys farreri, clam, pectinopsis pectinata, Euphorbia squarensis, Bafeiclam, Meretrix Meretrix, Among them, the pollution is serious, such as Pinna pectinata, clam, oyster, chlamys farreri and clam. On the basis of the investigation and research, this paper designs the shellfish poison monitoring and management scheme in the coastal waters of Hainan Island, which provides a theoretical reference for the related departments in the management of shellfish red tide toxin.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R155.5
本文编号：2121468
[Abstract]:In recent years, red tide occurs frequently in Hainan Island. Paralytic shellfish poisonings and (diarrhetic shellfish poisonings caused by consumption of shellfish occur frequently, which seriously restricts the development of coastal tourism and aquaculture in Hainan Island and threatens the health of human beings. Therefore, from winter 2010 to autumn 2011, 14 species and 95 shellfish samples were collected from Wenchang, Chengmai, Yangpu and Lingshui in Hainan Island for PSP and DSP detection. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the distribution characteristics of PSP and DSP in the coastal waters of Hainan Island. The main results are as follows: 1. The pollution status of PSP in Hainan Island Sea area 1 the content of PSP in shellfish in Hainan Island coastal area is relatively low. The highest detectable virulence was 3.576Mu/ g, and the detectable rate was 11.58.2 the seasonal variation of PSP in the shellfish of Hainan Island was very obvious, the highest in winter, followed in autumn, and the geographical distribution of PSP in the shellfish of Hainan Island in the other two seasons was not detected. Except in Chengmai sea area, PSP was detected in coastal shellfish such as Wenchang, Yangpu, etc. The highest PSP detection rate was found in shellfish in Lingshui coastal area. 4. The main enrichment species of PSP in shellfish in Hainan Island were fine egg clam and snail. A total of 11 PSP components were detected from mussel and Pinna pectinata. The main components were GTX1, GTX4, C1C2, and the contents of neo and STX with high virulence were less. The contents of other toxins, such as deGTX3, deGTX2, GTX3, GTX2 and dcSTX, are also very low. 2. The pollution status of DSP in Hainan Island is very high, and the detection rate and exceeding rate of DSP in shellfish in Hainan Island are higher, reaching 46.32% and 33.68%, respectively. The highest virulence of DSP in shellfish samples was 0.2Mu/ g.2 in Hainan Island in winter. The detection rate and over-standard rate of DSP in shellfish were 56.25% and 56.25% respectively, and in summer the pollution of DSP in shellfish was the least. DSP content in shellfish without exceeding the standard. 3 the distribution of DSP in shellfish in Hainan Island is more extensive, and it has been detected at all sampling points. In terms of regional distribution, the pollution status of DSP in shellfish in the east and south of Hainan Island is more western than that in the east of Hainan Island. A total of 14 species of shellfish were investigated in the sea area of Hainan Island in the northern part of the country. Among them, 11 species of shellfish were found to contain DSPs, respectively, including crack Gete clam, chlamys farreri, clam, pectinopsis pectinata, Euphorbia squarensis, Bafeiclam, Meretrix Meretrix, Among them, the pollution is serious, such as Pinna pectinata, clam, oyster, chlamys farreri and clam. On the basis of the investigation and research, this paper designs the shellfish poison monitoring and management scheme in the coastal waters of Hainan Island, which provides a theoretical reference for the related departments in the management of shellfish red tide toxin.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R155.5
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