1985年至2010年中国18个少数民族17岁学生身高趋势分析

发布时间：2018-07-27 09:18

【摘要】：目的:分析我国18个少数民族学生1985年至2010年成年身高生长长期变化的特点、规律和趋势。方法:利用1985、1995、2000、2005和2010年全国学生体质调查资料,对蒙古族、回族、维吾尔族、壮族、朝鲜族、藏族、苗族、布依族、侗族、白族、土家族、哈尼族、傣族、傈僳族、佤族、纳西族、土族和羌族18个少数民族17岁学生身高进行了分析。结果:我国大部分少数民族男生的成年身高有很大幅度提高,2010年18个少数民族17岁男生平均身高均超过162 cm,回族、蒙古族、朝鲜族17岁男生平均身高均超过170 cm;身高每10年增速超过2 cm的民族分别是回族(2.64 cm/10年)和侗族男生(2.05 cm/10年),身高每10年增速超过1 cm的民族有朝鲜族(1.99 cm/10年)、藏族(1.90 cm/10年)、哈尼族(1.80 cm/10年)等12个少数民族。2010年,所调查的18个少数民族17岁女生平均身高均超过150 cm,有15个少数民族女生的成年身高出现不同程度的增长,身高每10年增速超过1 cm的民族分别是回族(1.56 cm/10年)和朝鲜族女生(1.29 cm/10年),身高增长幅度具有显著性的民族有回族(3.89cm)、朝鲜族(3.23 cm)、侗族(2.35 cm)等9个少数民族(P0.05)。结论:我国大部分少数民族学生出现了较为明显的生长长期趋势,但各民族男、女生成年身高增长幅度存在明显不平衡,要给予生长长期趋势增长缓慢的少数民族更高的关注度。同时,对成年身高增长较为迅速的少数民族亦要注意其生长长期趋势所带来的负面效应。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the characteristics, regularity and trend of adult height growth of 18 minority students in China from 1985 to 2010. Methods: based on the data of the national students' physique survey in 2005 and 2010, Mongolian, Hui, Uygur, Zhuang, Korean, Tibetan, Miao, Buyi, Dong, Bai, Tujia, Hani, Dai, Lisu and WA nationalities were investigated. The height of 17-year-old students of Naxi, Tu and Qiang nationalities were analyzed. Results: the adult height of the majority of minority boys in China has been greatly improved. In 2010, the average height of the 18 minority boys aged 17 years exceeded 162 cm, the average height of the Hui nationality and the Mongolian nationality was more than 162 cm. The average height of 17 year old boys in Korean nationality was more than 170cm, the nationalities whose height increased more than 2 cm every 10 years were Hui nationality (2.64 cm/ 10 years) and Dong nationality male students (2.05 cm/ 10 years), and Korean nationality (1.99 cm/ 10 years) whose height increased more than 1 cm every 10 years. Tibetan (1.90 cm/ 10 years), Hani (1.80 cm/ 10 years) and other 12 ethnic minorities. The average height of the 18 minority girls aged 17 years was more than 150 cm, and the adult height of 15 minority girls had increased in varying degrees. The nationalities whose height increased more than 1 cm every 10 years were Hui nationality (1.56 cm/ 10 years) and Korean female nationality (1.29 cm/ 10 years). There were nine minorities (P0.05) such as 3.89cm and Korean nationality (3.23 cm), Dong (2.35 cm). Conclusion: most of the minority students in China have an obvious long-term trend of growth, but there is an obvious imbalance in the growth range of adult height of boys and girls of all ethnic groups. Give more attention to ethnic minorities that have a long-term trend of slow growth. At the same time, we should pay attention to the negative effects of the long-term growth trend for the minorities with rapid growth of adult height.
【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院妇女与儿童青少年卫生学系;北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81302442)资助~~
【分类号】：R179

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