烟台市老年人膳食模式及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-07-27 18:41

【摘要】：目的分析烟台市老年人膳食模式及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对烟台市芝罘区、牟平区、海阳市、招远市、龙口市和长岛县6个区市抽取的2626名≥60岁的老年人进行一般调查、膳食调查和体格检查,通过因子分析提取出膳食模式,应用无序多分类Logistic回归分析膳食模式的影响因素。结果因子分析得出3种膳食模式,健康膳食模式(31.83%)、传统膳食模式(45.63%)和西方化膳食模式(22.54%)。不吸烟的文化程度较低的老年男性多采用传统膳食模式,文化程度高的老年女性倾向于健康膳食模式,有慢性病家族史的人群宜采用西方化膳食模式,分布差异均有统计学意义(P0.001)。家庭收入高水平(OR=1.53,95%CI 1.32~2.61)、有糖尿病家族史(OR=1.43,95%CI 1.21~1.98)和有冠心病家族史(OR=1.17,95%CI 1.08~1.84)的采用西方化膳食模式的人群高于健康膳食模式人群,采用传统膳食模式的老年男性(OR=2.87,95%CI 2.27~3.38)高于采用健康膳食模式的老年女性。结论烟台市老年人中存在3种膳食模式,性别、文化程度、家庭收入和慢性病家族史是膳食模式的主要影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the dietary pattern of the elderly in Yantai city and its influencing factors. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 2626 elderly people aged more than 60 years from Zhifu District, Muping District, Haiyang City, Zhaoyuan City, Longkou City and Changdao County in Yantai City. The dietary pattern was extracted by factor analysis and the influencing factors of dietary pattern were analyzed by disordered multi-classification Logistic regression analysis. Results three dietary patterns, healthy diet (31.83%), traditional diet (45.63%) and westernized diet (22.54%), were obtained by factor analysis. The older men with lower education level of non-smoking tend to adopt the traditional dietary pattern, the older women with high education tend to adopt the healthy diet pattern, and the people with family history of chronic diseases should adopt the westernized diet model. The difference of distribution was statistically significant (P0.001). Those who had a family history of diabetes (OR 1.43 95 CI 1.21 1.98) and a family history of coronary heart disease (OR 1.1795 CI 1.081.84) had a higher level of family income than those who had a healthy diet model (OR 1.539 95 CI 1.32 卤2.61), and those who had a family history of coronary heart disease (OR1.1795 CI 1.081.84) had a higher family history of diabetes than those with healthy diet. The aged men with traditional dietary pattern (ORO 2.87 95 CI 2.27C 3.38) were higher than those with healthy diet pattern. Conclusion there are three dietary patterns in the elderly in Yantai. Sex, education level, family income and family history of chronic diseases are the main influencing factors of dietary pattern.
【作者单位】：滨州医学院公共卫生与管理学院营养与食品卫生学教研室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(No.81302423) 山东省统计局统计重点课题(No.KT1466)
【分类号】：R153.3

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