城市空巢老人心理健康的归因研究:应对方式及心理健康自助能力的中介效应
发布时间：2018-07-27 21:40
【摘要】：背景空巢老人心理健康受诸多因素影响,但少有研究从整体归因出发,将多个发挥作用的心理学变量同时纳入影响体系、探讨各因素间的作用路径。目的探讨应对方式、心理健康自助能力在城市空巢老人心理健康归因中的作用机制。方法于2014年1月—2015年9月,采用多阶段抽样的方法选取内蒙古赤峰地区的空巢老人。采用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、空巢老人心理健康自助能力量表及中国心理健康量表(老年版)进行调查,共发放问卷365份,回收有效问卷350份,问卷有效回收率为95.89%。构建结构方程模型分析影响空巢老人心理健康的变量间的内在关系和传递机制;采用Mackinnon PRODCLIN2技术对中介效果进行验证。结果人格特征对空巢老人心理健康的影响符合部分中介模型[卡方/自由度(χ~2/df)=1.971、适配度指数(GFI)=0.955、调整后适配度指数(AGFI)=0.911、渐进残差均方和平方根(RMSEA)=0.068]。人格特征(内外倾)对城市空巢老人心理健康的间接效果,即积极应对、心理健康自助行为能力的中介效应显著(Z=5.675,P0.01)。在模型总间接效果显著的基础上,分别对各个中介变量的间接效果进行检定,结果显示两变量Mackinnon PRODCLIN295%CI分别为(0.127,0.364)、(0.168,0.471),可以认定两中介变量的单独间接效果均显著。人格特征(神经质)对城市空巢老人心理健康的间接效果,即积极应对、心理健康自助行为能力的中介效应显著(Z=-5.353,P0.01)。在模型总间接效果显著的基础上,分别对各个中介变量的间接效果进行检定,结果显示两变量Mackinnon PRODCLIN2 95%CI分别为(0.127,0.203)、(0.186,0.492),可以认定两中介变量的单独间接效果均显著。结论积极应对、心理健康自助行为能力在人格特征对空巢老人心理健康影响中的中介效应显著。城市空巢老人的心理健康维护,应根据因素间的路径关系提炼多种可能的干预路径,并根据其心理社会因素的评估结果,选用最为优化的路径,以保证个性化干预,同时避免因联合干预造成的人力、物力资源的浪费,有效减轻干预负担,保证干预效果。
[Abstract]:Background the mental health of empty-nesters is affected by many factors, but few studies have put many psychological variables into the influence system from the whole attribution, and discussed the action path among the factors. Objective to explore the mechanism of coping style and mental health self-help ability in mental health attribution of urban empty-nest elderly. Methods from January 2014 to September 2015, the empty-nest elderly in Chifeng area of Inner Mongolia were selected by multi-stage sampling. The Chinese version of Eysenck Personality questionnaire, the simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ), and the Chinese Mental Health Self-help ability scale (SCSQ),) were used to investigate the mental health self-help ability of the elderly. A total of 365 questionnaires were distributed and 350 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery rate of the questionnaire was 95.89. The structural equation model was constructed to analyze the internal relationship and transmission mechanism among variables affecting the mental health of empty-nesters, and Mackinnon PRODCLIN2 technology was used to verify the intermediary effect. Results the effect of personality characteristics on mental health of empty-nest elderly was in accordance with partial intermediary model [chi-square / degree of freedom (蠂 ~ 2 / DF) 1.971, fitness index (GFI) 0.955, adjusted fitness index (AGFI) 0.911, progressive residual mean square and square root (RMSEA) 0.068]. The indirect effect of personality traits (introversion and introversion) on mental health of urban empty-nest elderly was positive coping and the intermediary effect of mental health self-help behavior ability was significant (ZZ5.675 P0.01). On the basis of the obvious indirect effect of the model, the indirect effect of each intermediate variable was verified. The results showed that the Mackinnon PRODCLIN295%CI of the two variables was (0.127 / 0.364), (0.168 / 0.471), and the indirect effect of the two intermediate variables was significant. The indirect effect of personality (neuroticism) on mental health of urban empty-nest elderly was positive coping, and the intermediary effect of mental health self-help behavior ability was significant (ZJ-5.353, P0.01). On the basis of the obvious indirect effect of the model, the indirect effect of each intermediate variable was verified. The results showed that the Mackinnon PRODCLIN2 95%CI of the two variables was (0.127) 0.203), (0.186 (0.492), and the indirect effect of the two intermediate variables was significant. Conclusion positive coping, mental health self-help behavior ability has significant mediating effect on mental health of empty nest elderly. In order to maintain the mental health of the urban empty-nest elderly, we should refine many possible intervention paths according to the path relationship among the factors, and select the most optimized path according to the evaluation results of the psychological and social factors, so as to ensure the individualized intervention. At the same time, the waste of manpower and material resources caused by joint intervention is avoided, the burden of intervention is effectively reduced, and the effect of intervention is ensured.
【作者单位】： 湖州师范学院医学院·护理学院;内蒙古赤峰市松山区振兴街道办事处;哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区护理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(13CRK009)
【分类号】：C913.6;R161.7
本文编号：2149218
[Abstract]:Background the mental health of empty-nesters is affected by many factors, but few studies have put many psychological variables into the influence system from the whole attribution, and discussed the action path among the factors. Objective to explore the mechanism of coping style and mental health self-help ability in mental health attribution of urban empty-nest elderly. Methods from January 2014 to September 2015, the empty-nest elderly in Chifeng area of Inner Mongolia were selected by multi-stage sampling. The Chinese version of Eysenck Personality questionnaire, the simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ), and the Chinese Mental Health Self-help ability scale (SCSQ),) were used to investigate the mental health self-help ability of the elderly. A total of 365 questionnaires were distributed and 350 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery rate of the questionnaire was 95.89. The structural equation model was constructed to analyze the internal relationship and transmission mechanism among variables affecting the mental health of empty-nesters, and Mackinnon PRODCLIN2 technology was used to verify the intermediary effect. Results the effect of personality characteristics on mental health of empty-nest elderly was in accordance with partial intermediary model [chi-square / degree of freedom (蠂 ~ 2 / DF) 1.971, fitness index (GFI) 0.955, adjusted fitness index (AGFI) 0.911, progressive residual mean square and square root (RMSEA) 0.068]. The indirect effect of personality traits (introversion and introversion) on mental health of urban empty-nest elderly was positive coping and the intermediary effect of mental health self-help behavior ability was significant (ZZ5.675 P0.01). On the basis of the obvious indirect effect of the model, the indirect effect of each intermediate variable was verified. The results showed that the Mackinnon PRODCLIN295%CI of the two variables was (0.127 / 0.364), (0.168 / 0.471), and the indirect effect of the two intermediate variables was significant. The indirect effect of personality (neuroticism) on mental health of urban empty-nest elderly was positive coping, and the intermediary effect of mental health self-help behavior ability was significant (ZJ-5.353, P0.01). On the basis of the obvious indirect effect of the model, the indirect effect of each intermediate variable was verified. The results showed that the Mackinnon PRODCLIN2 95%CI of the two variables was (0.127) 0.203), (0.186 (0.492), and the indirect effect of the two intermediate variables was significant. Conclusion positive coping, mental health self-help behavior ability has significant mediating effect on mental health of empty nest elderly. In order to maintain the mental health of the urban empty-nest elderly, we should refine many possible intervention paths according to the path relationship among the factors, and select the most optimized path according to the evaluation results of the psychological and social factors, so as to ensure the individualized intervention. At the same time, the waste of manpower and material resources caused by joint intervention is avoided, the burden of intervention is effectively reduced, and the effect of intervention is ensured.
【作者单位】： 湖州师范学院医学院·护理学院;内蒙古赤峰市松山区振兴街道办事处;哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区护理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(13CRK009)
【分类号】：C913.6;R161.7
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