内蒙古自治区首次疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎Ⅰ型病毒健康携带者的调查及处理

发布时间：2018-08-01 13:32

【摘要】：目的了解内蒙古自治区乌审旗首次疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒(VDPV)健康携带者的发生及处理情况,评价处理效果。方法对发生的VDPV健康携带者进行个案调查,采集粪便标本分离病毒;对个案所在地及医院进行急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例主动搜索;对个案所在地及相邻地开展儿童常规接种率快速评价;对密切接触者和周围健康儿童进行粪便标本带毒率调查。结果经过自治区专家诊断组诊断,该个案为VDPV健康携带者,从该健康携带者分离到脊灰Ⅰ型病毒株,VP1区发生10个碱基变异,与Sabin疫苗株脊灰病毒相比核苷酸变异率为1.1%。结论当地脊髓灰质炎病毒学监测和流行病学监测系统的敏感性、及时性、完整性和准确性等指标良好,各级疾病预防控制机构在乌审旗采取了包括AFP病例主动搜索、口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗补充免疫等多项措施,有效地阻断了VDPV的循环。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the occurrence and treatment of (VDPV) carriers of the first vaccine-derived poliovirus in Wuhenqi Autonomous region of Inner Mongolia. Methods the patients with VDPV were investigated and the stool samples were collected to isolate the virus, and the active search for (AFP) cases of acute flaccid paralysis was carried out in the place of the case and in the hospital. The rate of routine immunization for children was evaluated rapidly in the place of the case and adjacent areas, and the fecal samples of close contacts and healthy children were investigated. Results the patient was diagnosed as a healthy VDPV carrier by expert diagnostic group. Ten base mutations were found in the VP1 region of poliovirus type I strain isolated from the healthy carrier, and the nucleotide variation rate was 1.1% compared with that of Sabin vaccine strain. Conclusion the local poliomyelitis virological surveillance system and epidemiological surveillance system have good sensitivity, timeliness, completeness and accuracy. All levels of disease prevention and control agencies have adopted active search including AFP cases in Wuhenqi. Oral poliomyelitis attenuated live vaccine supplementary immunization and other measures, effectively blocked the circulation of VDPV.
【作者单位】：内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心;鄂尔多斯市疾病预防控制中心;乌审旗疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：2013年内蒙古自治区卫生和计划生育委员会科研立项:内蒙古自治区环境污水中脊髓灰质炎、EV71等重要肠道病毒分离和应用技术研究基金(项目号:201303028)
【分类号】：R186;R512.4

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