学龄儿童营养认知与行为现状分析

发布时间：2018-08-03 06:49

【摘要】：目的分析唐山市学龄儿童营养认知与行为的影响因素,为进一步对学龄儿童有针对性的营养干预提供依据。方法于2015年7~12月,采用二阶段随机整群抽样的方法对唐山市市区的四所小学中1282名学龄儿童的营养知识和营养行为进行问卷调查,并结合学龄儿童的个体因素(性别、年级、是否独生子女、同伴关系、自我效能、自我意识)、家庭因素(父母职业、父母文化程度、家庭月收入、家庭膳食行为、家庭亲和度)和学校因素(学校营养教育开展情况、学校周边环境)探讨学龄儿童营养认知与行为的影响因素。所有数据录入Excel数据库,应用SPSS17.0软件进行分析,单因素采用卡方检验,多因素采用logistic回归分析。结果1唐山市学龄儿童营养知识和营养行为现状1282名学龄儿童营养知识的认知度为60.2%,较差者为39.8%;营养行为较好的占62.2%,较差者占37.8%。2影响学龄儿童营养认知与行为的单因素分析结果显示:年级、是否独生子女、自我效能、自我意识、学校营养教育开展情况、父母文化程度、父母职业、家庭亲和度、家庭膳食行为与学龄儿童营养认知有关,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);年级、是否独生子女、自我效能、自我意识、学校营养教育开展情况、父母文化程度、父母职业、家庭亲和度、家庭膳食行为、学校周围环境与学龄儿童营养行为有关,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。3二元logistic回归分析显示自我意识、学校营养教育开展情况、家庭亲和度、年级是学龄儿童营养认知的影响因素(OR值依次为3.717、1.508、1.309、1.175,P0.05);自我意识、家庭膳食行为、学校周围营养环境、家庭亲和度、年级、是否独生子女是学龄儿童营养行为的影响因素(OR值依次4.910、2.804、1.933、1.634、1.164、0.211,P0.05)。结论1唐山市学龄儿童营养知识认知度和营养行为较好。2自我意识、学校营养教育开展情况、家庭亲和度、年级为学龄儿童营养认知的影响因素;自我意识、家庭膳食行为、学校周围营养环境、家庭亲和度、年级、是否独生子女为学龄儿童营养行为的影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the influencing factors of nutritional cognition and behavior of school-age children in Tangshan City, and to provide evidence for further nutrition intervention to school-age children. Methods from July to December 2015, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1282 school-age children in four primary schools in Tangshan City by means of two-stage random cluster sampling, and the individual factors (sex, grade) of school-age children were considered. Whether only child, peer relationship, self-efficacy, self-awareness, family factors (parent occupation, parent education, family monthly income, family dietary behavior, family affinity) and school (school nutrition education development), To explore the influence factors of nutritional cognition and behavior of school age children. All data were entered into Excel database, analyzed by SPSS17.0 software, chi-square test for single factor and logistic regression analysis for multiple factors. Results 1 the status quo of nutritional knowledge and nutritional behavior of 1282 school-age children in Tangshan City was 60.22and 39.8% for the poor, 62.2% for the better nutrition behavior and 37.8.2% for the poor children. The results of univariate analysis showed that: grade, Whether only child, self-efficacy, self-consciousness, school nutrition education development, parents' education level, parental occupation, family affinity, family dietary behavior are related to nutrition cognition of school-age children. The differences were statistically significant (P0.05); grade, whether the only child, self-efficacy, self-awareness, school nutrition education development, parents' education level, parents' occupation, family affinity, family dietary behavior, The school surrounding environment was related to the nutritional behavior of school-age children, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). 3 binary logistic regression analysis showed that the self-awareness, the development of school nutrition education, the degree of family affinity, Grade was the influencing factor of school age children's nutrition cognition (OR value was 3.71781.5081.3091.175P 0.05), self-consciousness, family dietary behavior, nutrition environment around school, family affinity degree, grade, whether the only child was the influencing factor of school age children's nutrition behavior (OR value was 4.9102.8041.93311.6341.164or 0.211P 0.05). Conclusion (1) the nutritional knowledge cognition and nutrition behavior of school-aged children in Tangshan City are good self-awareness, the development of school nutrition education, the degree of family affinity and grade are the influencing factors of school children's nutrition cognition, self-consciousness and family dietary behavior. Nutrition environment, family affinity, grade and only child are the influencing factors of nutritional behavior of school-age children.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R153.2

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