公共场所工作人员二手烟暴露情况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-08-03 10:42

【摘要】：目的了解公共场所工作人员二手烟(SHS)暴露、禁烟标识和烟草危害相关知识水平等情况。方法2014年4—7月,采用立意抽样的方法在国家慢性病综合防控示范区中选取6个项目区(县)的医疗卫生机构、政府机构和餐饮机构3类公共场所的1 676名工作人员进行问卷调查。结果 90.58%调查对象表示不吸烟,其中65.48%遭受SHS暴露,多因素分析发现工作场所类别(政府vs.餐饮:OR=3.094,95%CI=1.752~5.464)、经济地区(东部vs.西部:OR=0.439,95%CI=0.330~0.582;中部vs.西部:OR=0.699,95%CI=0.522~0.936)、城乡分布(城市vs.农村:OR=0.719,95%CI=0.574~0.902)和教育水平(大专及以上vs.高中及以下:OR=1.403,95%CI=1.008~1.953)是SHS暴露的影响因素(P0.05)。92.57%的被调查者报告过去1个月内在其工作场所内看到过禁烟标识或相关禁烟宣传,多因素分析发现,场所类别(医疗vs餐饮:OR=5.449,95%CI=2.633~11.276;政府vs.餐饮:OR=0.438,95%CI=0.205~0.934)、经济地区(东部vs.西部:OR=2.015,95%CI=1.296~3.135;中部vs.西部:OR=9.556,95%CI=4.609~19.814)、城乡分布(城市vs.农村:OR=2.567,95%CI=1.667~3.951)和性别(女性vs.男性:OR=0.389,95%CI=0.248~0.608)是其影响因素(P0.05)。烟草危害相关知识的正确回答率在44.10%~92.74%之间,回答正确率较低的问题为"低焦油"(44.10%)和"淡味"(47.54%)卷烟问题。结论公共场所工作人员SHS暴露严重,应进一步推进禁烟标识覆盖、提高烟草危害相关知识水平及推进相关法律法规出台与执行等措施,防止SHS暴露。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the (SHS) exposure, no smoking label and the knowledge level of tobacco hazard among public workers. Methods from April to July 2014, 6 project areas (counties) were selected from the national demonstration area for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,676 staff in 3 kinds of public places in government agencies and catering institutions. Results 90.58% of the respondents indicated that they did not smoke, of which 65.48% were exposed to SHS. Food & Beverage: OR3. 094 / 95 / CI1.752 / 5.464), Economic region (Eastern VS. The western part is 0.439 and 95, the central part is 0.330 and 0.582; the middle part is VS. The western part of the country is 0.699 / 95 / 0. 522 / 0. 936), urban and rural distribution (city vs. In the countryside, the level of education was 0.574 and 0.902 (junior college and above). (P0.05) 92.57% of the respondents reported that they had seen anti-smoking signs or related anti-smoking propaganda in their workplaces in the past month. Multi-factor analysis found that the type of place (Medical vs. Catering: OR5.44995CI2.63311.276; government vs.2.63311.276) was the influential factor of SHS exposure (medical vs food and beverage: OR5.44995CI2.63311.276; government vs food and beverage: OR5.44995CI2.63311.276). Food and Beverage: ORO 0.438 / 95 / CI0.205 / 0.934), Economic region (Eastern VS. West: OR2.01595 CIQ 1.296 / 3.135; central vs. The western part of the country is 9. 556 and 95. I have 4.609 / 19.814), urban and rural distribution (city vs. In the countryside, the number is 2.567 / 95 / 1.667 / 3.951) and gender (female vs.) The influence factor of male was 0.389 (0.389) and 0.248 (0.608) (P0.05). The correct answer rate of tobacco hazard related knowledge was between 44.10% and 92.74%. The low tar (44.10%) and light taste (47.54%) cigarette questions were the lower ones. Conclusion the SHS exposure of public workers is serious, so it is necessary to further promote the anti-smoking label coverage, improve the knowledge level of tobacco hazards, and promote the introduction and enforcement of relevant laws and regulations to prevent SHS exposure.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心;新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心;南昌市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：国际防痨和肺部疾病联合会项目(CHINA-12-09)
【分类号】：R163

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