吡草醚原药大鼠慢性毒性与致癌试验病理研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 17:14

【摘要】：吡草醚是一种能够特异性抑制原卟啉原Ⅸ氧化酶的除草剂，在动植物间有良好的选择性。吡草醚是需光型除草剂，叶面施用后，在光的作用下，能快速诱导植物叶子的坏死或者干枯。迄今为止，，吡草醚是麦田除草剂中活性最高使用范围最广的品种之一，因此对其用药安全性进行系统研究是非常必要的。本文从病理组织学的角度探讨吡草醚原药对大鼠的慢性毒性与致癌作用。按照GB15670-1995《农药登记毒理学试验方法》进行大鼠慢性毒性与致癌性合并试验，将640只大鼠按动物体重随机分为4组，1个空白对照组及低、中、高3个剂量组，每组160只，雌雄各半。持续给药过程中，分别于第26、52、78、104周四个时间点进行系统解剖。所有实验动物（包括实验过程中死亡的动物）都进行完整系统解剖及详尽记录观察，其中肉眼可见的所有病变或可疑病变组织都进行组织学水平的检查。HE染色后，光学显微镜下观察组织结构的病理变化。慢性毒性试验组织学检查结果显示，从第52周开始，对照组及不同给药组的大鼠脏器中均发生不同性质、不同程度的病理组织学改变，但这种改变属于老龄化自发性的病变。到第104周，高剂量组中雌性大鼠肾小管上皮细胞的变性发生数与对照组相比存在极显著的升高（P0.01），中剂量组雌性大鼠肾脏间质炎的发生数也明显高于对照组，这种变化也是显著的（P0.05），而低剂量组则没有显著差异（P0.05）；而在雄性大鼠的肾组织中并没有发生类似的变化。致癌性组织学结果显示，各组大鼠肿瘤绝大部分发生于78周以后。高、中、低剂量组与对照组之间，大鼠肿瘤发生率、潜伏期、多发性以及各类型肿瘤均未见显著性差异，均是大鼠自发性病变。上述结果说明，吡草醚原药对SD大鼠没有明显的致癌作用，但是会导致肾脏发生明显的器质性病变，且该变化具有性别差异。本论文的发现对于进一步的研究及生产使用具有一定程度的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Pyrazole is a kind of herbicide that can specifically inhibit protoporphyrin IX oxidase. It has good selectivity between animals and plants. Pyrazole is an optical herbicide. After application of foliage, it can quickly induce plant leaves to be necrotic or dry under the effect of light. So far, pyridosethers are the most active in the wheat field herbicides. It is necessary to systematically study the safety of drug use in a wide variety of varieties. In this paper, the chronic toxicity and carcinogenic effect of pyridaether on rats is discussed from the histopathological point of view.
640 rats were divided into 4 groups according to the chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity test of the GB15670-1995< pesticide registration test. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the animal weight, 1 blank control groups and 3 low, middle and high dose groups, each group was 160, and the female and male were half. In the course of continuous administration, the system was carried out on the system of Thursday at the time of 26,52,78104, respectively. Anatomy. All the experimental animals (including the dead animals in the process of the experiment) carried out complete systematic anatomy and detailed observation, in which all the lesions or suspicious lesions visible to the naked eye were examined by.HE staining, and the pathological changes of the tissue structure were observed under the optical microscope.
The histological examination of the chronic toxicity test showed that from the fifty-second weeks, there were different properties and different degrees of histopathological changes in the viscera of the control group and the different drug groups, but this change belonged to the spontaneous aging disease. By the 104th week, the number of the degeneration of the tubular epithelial cells in the high dose group of the female rats and the number of the degeneration of the renal tubular epithelial cells in the high dose group were the number and the number of the degeneration of the renal tubular epithelial cells in the high dose group. There was a very significant increase in the control group (P0.01), and the number of renal interstitial inflammation in the middle dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in the low dose group (P0.05), but there was no similar change in the renal tissue of the male rats.
The results of carcinogenicity showed that most of the tumor occurred after 78 weeks. In the high, middle, low dose group and the control group, there was no significant difference in the incidence of tumor, latent period, multiple and various types of tumor, all of which were spontaneous lesions of rats.
These results suggest that pyridaether has no obvious carcinogenic effect on SD rats, but it will lead to obvious organic pathological changes in the kidney, and the changes have sex differences. The findings of this paper have some guidance for further research and production.
【学位授予单位】：中南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R114

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