铜镍矿作业工人职业紧张与代谢综合征关系研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 16:10

【摘要】：目的:了解铜镍矿工人职业紧张、倦怠、社会支持对代谢综合征的影响,以及社会支持、职业紧张、倦怠对代谢综合征的共同作用效应,探究职业紧张与代谢综合征间的作用关系,为代谢综合征的预防、干预提供理论依据和指导。方法:1.采用整群抽样的方法,对某矿区工人使用付出-回报失衡问卷(ERI)问卷进行职业紧张水平调查,影响职业紧张的因素调查使用工作倦怠问卷CMBI(Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory)、健康调查简表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)、社会支持评定量表;使用慢性非传染性疾病现患情况及行为危险因素调查问卷调查生活行为对代谢综合征的影响;2.按照性别、民族、年龄±1岁匹配,纳入病例组对照组180对,以研究职业紧张、倦怠水平、社会支持对MS患者的影响及其作用关系,对生活质量的影响。结果:此次调查一共发放问卷2300份,回收有效问卷2250份,回收率为97.8%。其中男性2058人,女性192人,所调查人群包含了管理层、铲、运司机、采矿工、冶炼工、维修工、制酸制氧等工种。1.铜镍矿工人不同民族、文化程度、工种、工龄付出回报模块上得分差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);不同职业紧张组间BMI、SBP、DBP、FPG、TG、HDL-c值差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);付出得分与BMI、SBP、DBP、FPG、TG呈正相关(P0.01),与HDL-c呈负相关(P0.01);回报得分与BMI、SBP、DBP、FPG、TG呈负相关(P0.01),与HDL-c呈正相关(P0.05);2.铜镍矿工人不同性别、民族、文化程度、工种、工龄间在轻、中、高倦怠组上差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同职业紧张水平的铜镍矿工人职业倦怠状况比较,情感耗竭、人格解体、成就感降低和职业倦怠总分上差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);零、轻、中、高度倦怠程度间BMI、SBP、DBP、FPG、TG、HDL-c值差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);3.铜镍矿工人性别、民族、文化程度、工种间客观支持、主观支持和支持利用度间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同职业紧张水平社会支持板块比较,客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);客观支持、主观支持与BMI、舒张压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油呈负相关(P0.01)与收缩压亦呈负相关(P0.05),支持利用度BMI、舒张压、收缩压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油呈负相关(P0.01);4.铜镍矿工人不同职业紧张水平、工种、工龄、文化程度间SF-36组分得分生理机能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、一般健康状况(GH)、精力(VT)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)、精神健康(MH)上差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);5)代谢综合征病例组和对照组的职业紧张水平、工作倦怠状况、主观支持、被动吸烟、家庭烹调油、口味、每天睡眠时间、是否控制体重等方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:1.性别、文化程度、工种均是影响铜镍矿工人职业紧张的影响因素,而职业紧张是影响代谢综合征的影响因素,职业紧张程度越高,代谢综合征的症状越明显;2.性别、民族、文化程度、工种、工龄是影响铜镍矿工人倦怠程度的因素,其中职业倦怠状况汉族高于少数民族,男性高于女性,随着文化程度的增加,职业倦怠降低,随着工龄增加,倦怠程度降低,冶炼工、维修工占高度倦怠人数较多,其职业倦怠状况较突出;3.性别、民族、文化程度、工种、工龄均是影响社会支持状况的因素,社会支持状况较好,代谢综合征症状越少,职业紧张水平高社会支持相对少;4.职业紧张是影响铜镍矿工人身心健康的因素之一,生活行为习惯中,被动吸烟、家庭烹调油、口味、每天睡眠时间、是否控制体重与代谢综合征有关。
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the effects of occupational stress, burnout and social support on metabolic syndrome in Copper-nickel Mine workers, and the combined effects of social support, occupational stress and burnout on metabolic syndrome, and to explore the relationship between occupational stress and metabolic syndrome, so as to provide theoretical basis and guidance for the prevention and intervention of metabolic syndrome. Cluster sampling was used to investigate the occupational stress level of workers in a mining area using the Effort-Return Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI). Factors affecting occupational stress were investigated using the Job Burnout Inventory (CMBI), the MOS short from health survey (SF-36), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). The prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and behavioral risk factors questionnaire were used to investigate the impact of life behavior on metabolic syndrome; 2. According to gender, nationality, age (+ 1 year) matching, 180 pairs of case control group were included to study the impact of occupational stress, burnout level, social support on MS patients and their relationship with the quality of life. Results: A total of 2 300 questionnaires were sent out and 2 250 valid questionnaires were returned with a recovery rate of 97.8%. Among them, 2 058 were male and 192 were female. The survey population included management, shovel driver, transport driver, miner, smelter, maintenance worker, acid-making oxygen and other types of work. 1. Copper-nickel miners of different nationalities, educational level, type of work, length of service pay returns. The scores of BMI, SBP, DBP, FPG, TG and HDL-c were significantly different among different occupational stress groups (P 0.05); the scores of effort were positively correlated with BMI, SBP, DBP, FPG and TG (P 0.01), negatively correlated with HDL-c (P 0.01); the scores of return were negatively correlated with BMI, SBP, DBP, FPG and TG (P 0.01), and positively correlated with HDL-c (P 0.05). (P 0.05) There were significant differences in gender, nationality, education level, type of work, length of service between light, medium and high burnout groups; there were significant differences in burnout status, emotional exhaustion, personality disintegration, sense of achievement and total scores of job burnout among copper-nickel miners with different occupational stress levels (P 0.05). There were significant differences in BMI, SBP, DBP, FPG, TG, HDL-c among the high degree of burnout (P 0.05); 3. There were significant differences in gender, nationality, educational level, objective support among different types of work, subjective support and utilization of support among copper and nickel miners (P 0.05); social support plate of different occupational stress levels was compared, objective support, subjective support and support. Objective support, subjective support and BMI, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triacylglycerol were negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (P 0.05), support utilization BMI, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triacylglycerol were negatively correlated (P 0.01); 4. The scores of PF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE and MH were significantly different between the two groups (P 0.05). 5) The level of occupational stress, job burnout, master of metabolic syndrome and control group were significantly different (P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. Gender, education level and type of work are the influencing factors of occupational stress in copper and nickel mine workers, while occupational stress is the influencing factor of metabolic syndrome. The higher occupational stress, the higher generation. The symptoms of Xie syndrome are more obvious; 2. Gender, nationality, educational level, type of work, length of service are the factors that affect the degree of burnout of copper and nickel mine workers, in which the status of job burnout of Han nationality is higher than that of ethnic minorities, and that of men is higher than that of women. With the increase of educational level, job burnout decreases, with the increase of length of service, burnout decreases, smelters and maintenance workers occupy a higher proportion. 3. Gender, nationality, educational level, type of work and length of service are all factors affecting social support. Social support is good. The fewer symptoms of metabolic syndrome, the higher level of occupational stress, the less social support. 4. Occupational stress is one of the factors affecting the mental and physical health of copper and nickel miners. Passive smoking, household cooking oil, taste, daily sleep time, weight control are associated with metabolic syndrome.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R135

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