沿海地区长寿老人营养状况调查分析

发布时间：2018-08-19 12:02

【摘要】：目的调查威海市沿海地区长寿老人的饮食习惯和食物摄入情况,了解其营养状况。方法在长期居住于威海市的百岁老人中,随机抽取104人,为百岁组;90-99岁者,随机抽取156人为长寿组;采用入户调研方式,调查其营养和食物摄入状况。结果百岁老人平均体质指数(BMI)为20.0 kg/m~2,男性为20.4kg/m~2,女性为19.9kg/m~2,低于山东省平均值。膳食调查结果表明:沿海百岁老人男性和女性能量的每日平均摄入量分别是老年人膳食推荐摄入量(RIN)的49.7%和50.3%,营养素摄入量达到适宜摄入量(AI)标准的55%以上的有铁、锰、磷、硒,而钙的摄入量仅达到适宜摄入量(AI)标准的17.6%。膳食结构分析结果表明:沿海百岁老人谷类及薯类摄取量最多,其次是蔬菜和水果。沿海百岁老人鱼虾贝的食用频率:每天食用者占总人数的8.7%,每周食用者占38.5%,每月食用者占41.3%。结论沿海长寿老人BMI位于正常偏低水平;但三餐规律,膳食以谷类为主,主要是小麦及其制品,鱼虾摄入频率较高,各种营养素摄入量相对较低。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the dietary habits and food intake of the elderly in the coastal areas of Weihai City, and to understand their nutritional status. Methods A total of 104 centenarians who lived in Weihai City for a long time were randomly selected as centenarian aged 90-99 and 156 as longevity group. The nutritional status and food intake were investigated by household survey. Results the average body mass index (BMI) of centenarians was 20.0 kg / mm2, 20.4 kg / mm2 in males and 19.9kg / mm2 in females, which was lower than the average in Shandong Province. The results of dietary survey showed that the average daily energy intake of the coastal centenarians was 49.7% and 50.3% of the recommended dietary intake (RIN), respectively. Iron, manganese and phosphorus were more than 55% of the appropriate dietary intake (AI) standard. Selenium, while calcium intake only reached the appropriate intake of 17.6 percent of the (AI) standard. The results of dietary structure analysis showed that the coastal centenarians had the highest intake of cereals and potato, followed by vegetables and fruits. The frequency of consumption of fish and shrimp shellfish in coastal centenarians: the daily consumption was 8.7 percent, the weekly consumption was 38.5 percent, and the monthly consumption was 41.3 percent. Conclusion the BMI of the coastal longevity elderly is lower than that of the normal, but the diet is mainly cereal, mainly wheat and its products. The intake frequency of fish and shrimp is higher, and the intake of all kinds of nutrients is relatively low.
【作者单位】：青岛大学医学院医学营养研究所;
【分类号】：R153.3

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