2011年青海省居民营养与健康状况调查
发布时间：2018-08-22 16:03
【摘要】：[目的]进一步了解我省城乡居民膳食结构、行为方式及其相关慢性疾病的流行病学特点及变化规律,评价城乡居民营养与健康水平,为我省制定相关政策、指导居民采纳健康生活方式提供科学依据。 [方法]根据经济状况将我省分为城市、农村、半农半牧区和牧区四个经济类型进行多阶段随机整群抽样。第一阶段分别从每一类地区随机抽取1个县/区,共确定4个调查县/区；第二阶段采用系统随机抽样的方法,从抽到的样本县/区中抽取3个乡／街道；第三阶段采用系统随机抽样的方法,从样本乡镇/街道中抽取3个村/居委会；第四阶段是从抽中的村/居委会中随机抽取30户家庭为调查样本户。对抽取的住户全体成员均进行询问调查及医学体检,从每个乡中随机抽取2/3的村进行实验室检测；从每个县中抽1个村/居委会进行居民膳食调查。采用Epidata3.02建立数据库,采用SPSS13.0统计软件对资料进行统计分析。 [结果]本次调查共涉及4个县/区,12个乡镇,共调查住户1116户,4349人。男性2141人,女性2206人。平均每标准人日粮谷类食物摄入量为408.61g,蔬菜水果为228.21g,畜禽肉类及水产品为75.06g,奶类及豆类为187.59g,食用油为34.68g,盐和酱油为13g；每标准人能量摄入为2213.71kcal,蛋白质为65.76g,脂肪为74.09g；维生素摄入量为321.48μg,硫胺素为0.76mg,核黄素为1mg,烟酸为12.69mg,抗坏血酸为95.84mg,维生素E为29.7mg；矿物质每标准人钙的摄入量为495.95mg,铁为25.08mg,锌为11.19mg。从能量的食物来源来看谷类食物提供的能量占总能量的54.45%。本次共调查7-17岁青少年3720人,男性1875人、女性1845人。不同地区青少年的平均身高和体重除个别年龄段外男性均高于女性,平均体质指数各年龄组均是男性略高于女性。18岁以上成人2791人,男性1227人,女性1564人,平均身高161.27cm,平均体重60.67kg。5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率为12.1%,四个调查地区中城市生长迟缓率最低、其次为半农半牧区、农村第三、牧区最高。18岁以上成人营养不良率为6.49%。我省婴儿低体重比例为9.95%,明显高于2002年全国平均水平3.6%。我省4个月以内婴儿基本纯母乳喂养率为56.8%,3岁以下婴幼儿平均断奶时间为8.5月。3个调查地区贫血患病率为15.2%,血红蛋白均值为148.5g/L。按WHO标准超重率为16.9%、肥胖率为3.7%。 [结论]青海省人群的健康面临双重疾病负担。城乡个体营养与健康水平的差异加大了疾病预防控制工作的难度。
[Abstract]:[objective] to further understand the epidemiological characteristics and changes of dietary structure, behavior patterns and related chronic diseases of urban and rural residents in our province, evaluate the nutrition and health level of urban and rural residents, and formulate relevant policies for our province. Guide residents to adopt healthy lifestyle and provide scientific basis. [methods] according to the economic situation, the province was divided into four economic types: urban, rural, semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas and pastoral areas to carry out multi-stage random cluster sampling. In the first stage, 1 county / district was randomly selected from each type of area, and 4 counties / districts were selected, and in the second stage, 3 townships / streets were selected from the sampled counties / districts by the method of systematic random sampling. In the third stage, 3 villages / neighborhood committees were selected from the sample villages / streets by the method of systematic random sampling, and 30 families were randomly selected from the villages / neighborhood committees in the fourth stage as sample households. All the members of the selected households were investigated by inquiry and medical examination, 2 / 3 of the villages were randomly selected from each village for laboratory examination, and 1 village / neighborhood committee was selected from each county to carry out the survey of residents' diet. Epidata3.02 was used to establish database and SPSS13.0 software was used to analyze the data. [results] the survey involved 4 counties / districts, 12 townships and 1116 households. There were 2141 males and 2206 females. The average dietary intake of cereals, vegetables and fruits, livestock and poultry meat and aquatic products, milk and beans, edible oil, salt and soy sauce were 408.61 g, 228.21 g, 75.06 g, 187.59 g, 34.68 g and 13g respectively, the energy intake, protein and fat were 2213.71 kg, 65.76 g and 74.09 g, respectively. Vitamin intake was 321.48 渭 g, thiamine 0.76 mg, riboflavin 1 mg, niacin 12.69 mg, ascorbic acid 95.84 mg, vitamin E 29.7 mg, mineral intake 495.95 mg per standard human, iron 25.08 mg, zinc 11.19 mg. From the source of energy, cereals provide 54.45% of the total energy. A total of 3720 adolescents aged 7-17 years were investigated, including 1875 males and 1845 females. The average height and weight of adolescents in different areas were higher than that of females except for some age groups. The average BMI of all age groups was slightly higher than that of females. The average body mass index was 2791 adults over 18 years old, 1227 males and 1564 females. The average height was 161.27 cm, and the average weight of children under 60.67kg.5 was 12.1.The growth retardation rate was the lowest in urban areas, followed by semi-farm and semi-pastoral areas, and the third in rural areas. The malnutrition rate of adults over 18 years of age was 6.49 in pastoral areas. The proportion of low body weight of infants in our province is 9.95, which is obviously higher than the national average of 3.6 in 2002. The average weaning time of infants under 3 years old was 8.5 months. The prevalence rate of anemia was 15.2g / L and the mean hemoglobin was 148.5 g / L in three investigated areas. The overweight rate was 16.9 according to WHO standard, and the obesity rate was 3.7. [conclusion] the health of the population in Qinghai Province is faced with double disease burden. The difference between urban and rural individual nutrition and health level increased the difficulty of disease prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R151.42
本文编号：2197608
[Abstract]:[objective] to further understand the epidemiological characteristics and changes of dietary structure, behavior patterns and related chronic diseases of urban and rural residents in our province, evaluate the nutrition and health level of urban and rural residents, and formulate relevant policies for our province. Guide residents to adopt healthy lifestyle and provide scientific basis. [methods] according to the economic situation, the province was divided into four economic types: urban, rural, semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas and pastoral areas to carry out multi-stage random cluster sampling. In the first stage, 1 county / district was randomly selected from each type of area, and 4 counties / districts were selected, and in the second stage, 3 townships / streets were selected from the sampled counties / districts by the method of systematic random sampling. In the third stage, 3 villages / neighborhood committees were selected from the sample villages / streets by the method of systematic random sampling, and 30 families were randomly selected from the villages / neighborhood committees in the fourth stage as sample households. All the members of the selected households were investigated by inquiry and medical examination, 2 / 3 of the villages were randomly selected from each village for laboratory examination, and 1 village / neighborhood committee was selected from each county to carry out the survey of residents' diet. Epidata3.02 was used to establish database and SPSS13.0 software was used to analyze the data. [results] the survey involved 4 counties / districts, 12 townships and 1116 households. There were 2141 males and 2206 females. The average dietary intake of cereals, vegetables and fruits, livestock and poultry meat and aquatic products, milk and beans, edible oil, salt and soy sauce were 408.61 g, 228.21 g, 75.06 g, 187.59 g, 34.68 g and 13g respectively, the energy intake, protein and fat were 2213.71 kg, 65.76 g and 74.09 g, respectively. Vitamin intake was 321.48 渭 g, thiamine 0.76 mg, riboflavin 1 mg, niacin 12.69 mg, ascorbic acid 95.84 mg, vitamin E 29.7 mg, mineral intake 495.95 mg per standard human, iron 25.08 mg, zinc 11.19 mg. From the source of energy, cereals provide 54.45% of the total energy. A total of 3720 adolescents aged 7-17 years were investigated, including 1875 males and 1845 females. The average height and weight of adolescents in different areas were higher than that of females except for some age groups. The average BMI of all age groups was slightly higher than that of females. The average body mass index was 2791 adults over 18 years old, 1227 males and 1564 females. The average height was 161.27 cm, and the average weight of children under 60.67kg.5 was 12.1.The growth retardation rate was the lowest in urban areas, followed by semi-farm and semi-pastoral areas, and the third in rural areas. The malnutrition rate of adults over 18 years of age was 6.49 in pastoral areas. The proportion of low body weight of infants in our province is 9.95, which is obviously higher than the national average of 3.6 in 2002. The average weaning time of infants under 3 years old was 8.5 months. The prevalence rate of anemia was 15.2g / L and the mean hemoglobin was 148.5 g / L in three investigated areas. The overweight rate was 16.9 according to WHO standard, and the obesity rate was 3.7. [conclusion] the health of the population in Qinghai Province is faced with double disease burden. The difference between urban and rural individual nutrition and health level increased the difficulty of disease prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R151.42
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 季成叶;中国青少年生长与营养状况变化和改善策略[J];北京大学学报(医学版);2002年05期
，本文编号：2197608
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