新疆乌鲁木齐机车乘务员健康状况及生活方式的调查

发布时间：2018-09-14 14:09

【摘要】：目的：1）了解新疆乌鲁木齐机务段机车乘务员的健康现状。2）了解新疆乌鲁木齐机务段机车乘务员的生活方式现状。3）确认新疆乌鲁木齐机务段机车乘务员中存在的不良生活方式及相关的因素。4）为新疆乌鲁木齐机务段机车乘务员实施各种生活方式疾病的一级预防及制定健康教育的具体内容提供依据。方法：研究于2012年1月至2012年12月对364名新疆乌鲁木齐机务段的机车乘务员进行膳食、活动、吸烟、饮酒以及近日睡眠状况等生活方式相关问卷调查，测量血压、身高、体重、腰臀围等的身体检测及包括空腹血糖、血脂在内的血液检验。结果：1）生活行为方式中，机车乘务员的定期体检率为98.4%；三餐膳食有时或从不规律的乘务员为63.8%；72.2%的人工作或家务中活动时间不足1小时，工作或家务之余的定期参加活动比例为33.1%，乘务员的吸烟率为59.9%，饮酒率为57.4%；23.1%的人存在睡眠障碍问题。2）身体测量中，超重和肥胖的比例为31.3%和13.2%，42.9%的机车乘务员腰臀比超出正常标准，收缩压和舒张压的异常检出率为9.9%和10.4%。3）血液化验方面，8.8%的机车乘务员空腹血糖升高，11%的乘务员总胆固醇升高，8.2%的乘务员高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低，17%的乘务员低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高，，17.6%的乘务员甘油三酯升高。结论：本次研究的机车乘务员在生活方式方面存在的健康问题较多，表现为每日三餐膳食不规律，各类食物每日摄入水平与我国居民平衡膳食宝塔建议值之间的差距较大；工作中的活动时间较短，工作外的运动量较低；吸烟较为普遍，饮酒率较高，尤以高度白酒居多；存在睡眠质量问题的比例较高。身体测量方面超重和肥胖以及中心性肥胖问题较为严重。血液检验中空腹血糖和血脂的问题较为突出。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1) to understand the health status of locomotive attendants in Urumqi locomotive depot in Xinjiang (2) to understand the life style of locomotive attendants in Xinjiang Urumqi locomotive depot. 3) to confirm the existence of locomotive attendants in Urumqi locomotive depot in Xinjiang. It provides the basis for the locomotive crew of Urumqi locomotive depot in Xinjiang to carry out the primary prevention of various lifestyle diseases and to formulate the specific contents of health education. Methods: from January 2012 to December 2012, 364 locomotive attendants in Urumqi, Xinjiang, were investigated with questionnaires about diet, activities, smoking, drinking and sleep status. Blood pressure, height and weight were measured. Waist-hip measurements and blood tests including fasting blood glucose, blood lipids. Results: in life behavior, the regular checkup rate of locomotive attendants was 98.4, and that of sometimes or never irregular stewards 63.82.2% had less than one hour of work or domestic activities. The proportion of regular participation in activities after work or domestic work was 33.1, the smoking rate of flight attendants was 59.9, and the drinking rate was 57.4 percent. Overweight and obese 31.3% and 13.2% of locomotive attendants with waist-to-hip ratios exceeded the normal standard. Abnormal rates of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 9.9% and 10.4.3) in blood tests, 8.8% of locomotive attendants had elevated fasting blood glucose, 11% of flight attendants had elevated total cholesterol and 8.2% of flight attendants had high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and 17% of flight attendants were low density. Elevated lipoprotein cholesterol increased triglycerides in flight attendants by 17.6%. Conclusion: there are many health problems in the life style of the locomotive attendants in this study, which are characterized by irregular diet of three meals per day, and the difference between the daily intake level of all kinds of food and the recommended value of the balanced dietary pagoda of Chinese residents. The activity time of work is shorter, the amount of exercise outside work is lower, smoking is more common, drinking rate is higher, especially high liquor, and the proportion of sleeping quality problem is higher. Overweight and obesity, as well as central obesity, are more serious in body measurements. The problem of fasting blood glucose and blood lipids is more prominent in blood tests.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R131

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