某钢铁厂1998—2008年职业伤害危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-10-17 12:18

【摘要】：[目的]探索某钢铁厂职业伤害与工作环境、职业安全知信行及个性特征等个体因素的相关关系,从中发现工伤事故的主因及高危人群,为职业伤害事故预防提供理论基础。[方法]利用病例对照研究方法,从工作环境、知信行及个性特征等方面展开研究。[结果]职业伤害的影响因素包括经常饮酒(OR=3.408),个性维度中N分高(OR=1.039),焦虑量表总分高(OR=3.568),更换工种(OR=3.586),工作中有分散注意力行为(OR=2.739),工作环境设备、设施、工具、附件有缺陷(OR=2.440);而技术等级较高(中级)(OR=0.044),工作场所安全装置配备齐全(OR=0.183),向上级报告隐患者(OR=0.173)为保护性因素。[结论]钢铁企业职业伤害的危险因素具有多元性,应采取针对性干预措施,禁止职工饮酒;减少职工更换工种;适时对职工进行技术培训;检查工作场所的防护用品,不全时应及时补全;加强安全知识教育及心理辅导,切实提高职工职业安全认识水平,端正职业安全态度,避免不安全行为发生;建立科学、统一的上报系统等,降低职业伤害发生。
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the correlation between occupational injury and working environment, occupational safety knowledge, belief and personality in a steel plant, and to find out the main causes of occupational accidents and the high risk population, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of occupational injury accidents. Methods: using case-control study, the work environment, knowledge, behavior and personality characteristics were studied. [results] the influencing factors of occupational injury included frequent drinking (OR=3.408), high N score in personality dimension (OR=1.039), high total score of anxiety scale (OR=3.568), changing job type (OR=3.586), distracting behavior at work (OR=2.739), working environment equipment, facilities, tools, etc. The attachment is defective (OR=2.440), while the technical grade is higher (intermediate) (OR=0.044), the workplace safety device is fully equipped (OR=0.183), and the stealthy patient (OR=0.173) is reported to the superior as the protective factor. [conclusion] the risk factors of occupational injury in iron and steel enterprises are diversified, so we should take targeted intervention measures to prohibit workers from drinking alcohol, reduce the number of workers and staff to change jobs, conduct timely technical training for workers and staff, and check protective articles in the workplace. We should make it up in time, strengthen safety knowledge education and psychological guidance, improve the level of workers' understanding of occupational safety, correct occupational safety attitude, avoid unsafe behavior, establish a scientific and unified reporting system, etc. Reduce the incidence of occupational injury.
【作者单位】：广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院;广西医科大学;
【基金】：广西科技厅攻关基金(编号:0632007-3E)
【分类号】：R134

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