莆田市农村妇女增补叶酸预防出生缺陷效果分析

发布时间：2018-10-25 14:22

【摘要】：目的为了解实施国家重大公共卫生项目《农村妇女增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷》后,对降低神经管缺陷等出生缺陷发生率的干预效果分析,为制定降低出生缺陷措施提供依据。方法 2009~2015年莆田市农村妇女于孕前和孕早期3个月免费给予小剂量(1日0.4mg)叶酸补充,采用莆田市20所医院出生缺陷监测资料分析增补叶酸与出生缺陷发生率变化的关系。结果 1通过项目实施后,2015年全市农村妇女免费增补叶酸服用率达92.15%,叶酸服用依从率达79.68%,增补叶酸预防神经管缺陷知识知晓率达95.63%。2服用叶酸与神经管缺陷发生率关系密切,7年间呈逐年快速下降,下降幅度达92.42%。在监测的20类出生缺陷中主要有唇腭裂、先天性脑水肿发生率呈现不同程度下降,而先天性心脏病、先天性膈疝发生率呈上升趋势。结论农村妇女于孕前和孕早期3个月增补叶酸对降低神经管缺陷发生效果明显,可能也是唇腭裂、先天性脑水肿等出生缺陷发生率下降的影响因素之一;服用叶酸预防神经管缺陷效果不仅取决于服用的时间,更重要的是取决于服用的依从率〔1〕,加强宣教和随访工作,提高叶酸服用依从率。探索增补叶酸长效机制,以期进一步降低神经管缺陷等出生缺陷发生率,提高出生人口素质。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the effect of intervention on reducing the incidence of neural tube defects after the implementation of the important national public health project, "supplementary folic acid for rural women", so as to provide the basis for making measures to reduce birth defects. Methods from 2009 to 2015, rural women in Putian were given low dose folic acid (0.4mg) for free before pregnancy and 3 months after pregnancy. The relationship between folic acid supplementation and the incidence of birth defects was analyzed by using birth defect monitoring data of 20 hospitals in Putian. Results 1After the implementation of the project, the free folic acid supplementation rate was 92.15%, folic acid compliance rate 79.68%, folic acid supplementation knowledge rate 95.63.2% and neural tube defect rate 95.63.2% in 2015. The relationship is close, and in the past seven years there has been a rapid decline year by year. The decrease was 92.42%. Among the 20 types of birth defects monitored, cleft lip and palate were mainly found, and the incidence of congenital brain edema decreased to varying degrees, while the incidence of congenital heart disease and congenital diaphragmatic hernia increased. Conclusion folic acid supplementation before pregnancy and at the first trimester of pregnancy may be one of the factors influencing the decrease of birth defects such as cleft lip and palate congenital brain edema and so on. The effect of folic acid on the prevention of neural tube defects depends not only on the time of administration, but also on the compliance rate (1), to strengthen the education and follow-up, and to improve the compliance rate of folic acid. To explore the long-term mechanism of supplementation of folic acid in order to further reduce the incidence of birth defects such as neural tube defects and improve the quality of the birth population.
【作者单位】：莆田学院附属医院医疗集团市妇幼保健院;福建省莆田市儿童医院;
【分类号】：R17

【相似文献】