职业性噪声暴露对新入职青年工人听力及心血管系统的影响

发布时间：2018-10-26 20:55

【摘要】：[目的]调查职业性噪声暴露对新入职青年工人的听力、血压及心电图的影响,探讨青年工人初次职业噪声暴露的职业健康风险。[方法]以南京市职业健康体检机构2011年至2013年进行职业健康体格检查合格的367名新入职青年职工为研究对象,跟踪分析该职业人群入职前和入职后2年内,先后3次职业健康体检的噪声性听力损失(noise induced hearing loss,NIHL)、血压和心电图变化。[结果]青年工人噪声作业1年双耳高频平均听阈损失[25dB(A)]的检出率为4.63%,噪声暴露2年内双耳高频听力损失检出为3.77%;入职1年后听力筛查检出3名噪声敏感工人[高频段任一频率,任一耳≥65dB(A)]。工人入职1年收缩压出现显著性上升,且男性工人连续两年收缩压呈上升趋势;女性工人噪声作业1年高血压现患率上升。男性工人入职1年后心电图检查发现,心律不齐和其他异常心电图(束支传导阻滞、ST-T段改变等)检出率显著上升。[结论]职业性噪声暴露可能对新入职青年工人的听力损失和心血管系统有一定影响。噪声暴露第1年,青工听力损失检出率较高,可能与易感人群有关。
[Abstract]:[objective] to investigate the effects of occupational noise exposure on hearing, blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) of young workers, and to explore the occupational health risks of young workers exposed to occupational noise for the first time. [methods] 367 newly recruited young workers who had passed occupational health examination in Nanjing from 2011 to 2013 were studied. Noise hearing loss (noise induced hearing loss,NIHL), blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) in 3 occupational health examinations. [results] the average hearing loss (25dB (A) of the young workers exposed to noise for one year was 4.63 and 3.77 within 2 years of noise exposure. Three noise-sensitive workers were detected by hearing screening for one year [any frequency in high frequency, any ear 鈮，

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