青岛城乡居民叶黄素摄入调查及吸收代谢研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 17:32

【摘要】：目的:为指导居民合理膳食摄入叶黄素及科学补充叶黄素,现对青岛市城乡居民日常膳食叶黄素摄入情况进行调查并对叶黄素在青年体内的吸收代谢状况进行试验研究。方法:按照类型抽样的方法,随机抽取青岛市市北区某社区(城市)和青岛市即墨市某自然村(农村)为调查点,自2015年1月至2016年1月,由经培训的专业调查员进行基本情况调查、3天24小时膳食回顾调查,采用“知情同意”的原则,共调查居民308名(城市居民198名,农村居民110名),其中青年(18岁-44岁)89名,中年(45岁-59岁)124名,老年(60岁以上)95名。调查者详细询问并填写调查问卷,记录居民性别、年龄、身高、体重、学历、月收入、身体健康状况等基本情况,保证基本信息的完整性。采用问答的方式参考膳食图谱调查近期连续三天的饮食情况(避免节假日或非常规聚餐),将调查结果进行双录入统计分析。随机选取青岛市某高校20名健康青年志愿者,随机分为叶黄素组和正常对照组,叶黄素组每天补充叶黄素20毫克,连续补充20天,正常对照组未给予任何补充。试验前(0小时)及首次口服后的12小时,24小时,72小时,144小时,240小时,480小时,720小时分别留取清晨空腹静脉血5毫升,分离血浆。HPLC检测血浆叶黄素浓度。采用SPSS17.0统计软件对数据进行录入分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果:城乡居民膳食叶黄素摄入量的中位数为2709μg/d,农村居民叶黄素摄入量显著高于城市(P0.05),且农村男女居民叶黄素摄入量分别显著高于城市男女居民(P0.05)。蔬菜是青岛市城乡居民膳食叶黄素的主要来源,所占比重高达95%,其中菠菜、韭菜、小白菜是城乡居民膳食叶黄素的最主要来源。农村居民豆类及水果中叶黄素摄入量显著低于城市居民(P0.05),城市居民粮谷类及蔬菜中叶黄素摄入量显著低于农村居民(P0.05)。中年组居民膳食叶黄素摄入量显著高于青年组及老年组居民(P0.05)。青年组通过水果类、奶制品摄入的叶黄素显著高于中年组及老年组(P0.05);中年组通过粮谷类、蔬菜类摄入的叶黄素显著高于青年组及老年组(P0.05),中年组通过蛋类摄入的叶黄素显著高于老年组(P0.05);老年组通过豆类摄入的叶黄素显著高于青年组及中年组(P0.05)。在叶黄素的吸收代谢研究中,20名青年志愿者的试验前血浆叶黄素本底水平为0.361±0.095μg/m L,随着叶黄素胶囊的持续性补充,志愿者的血浆叶黄素浓度呈稳定性上升趋势,连续服用叶黄素胶囊20天后,叶黄素组血浆叶黄素浓度为1.112±0.559μg/m L,与补充前(0小时)相比,叶黄素组血浆叶黄素浓度在第一次口服胶囊后的72小时,144小时,240小时,480小时分别升高59%,115%,164%,214%(P均0.05)。结论:青岛市城乡居民每日膳食叶黄素摄入量的中位数为2709μg,农村居民每日膳食叶黄素摄入量高于城市居民,中年居民每日膳食叶黄素摄入量高于青年及老年居民。城市居民水果及豆类中叶黄素摄入量较高,农村居民粮谷类及蔬菜中叶黄素摄入量较高;青年组居民水果及奶制品中叶黄素摄入量较高,中年组居民蛋类、蔬菜及粮谷类中叶黄素摄入量较高,老年组居民豆类中叶黄素摄入量较高。来源于蔬菜的叶黄素摄入量达95%,菠菜、韭菜、小白菜是居民膳食叶黄素的最主要来源。连续口服叶黄素胶囊,血浆叶黄素水平呈稳定上升趋势,口服20天后,血浆叶黄素水平升高为1.112μg/m L,是口服前的3.28倍。
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the daily dietary lutein intake of urban and rural residents in Qingdao, and to study the absorption and metabolism of lutein in young people. Methods: According to the method of sampling, a community (city) of Qingdao City and a natural village (rural) in Qingdao, Jimo City, were randomly selected as an investigation point, from January 2015 to January 2016. Basic information surveys conducted by trained professional investigators, a 3-day 24-hour diet review survey, Informed Consent According to the principle, 308 residents (198 urban residents and 110 rural residents) were investigated, among which 89 were young (18-44 years old), 124 in middle-aged (45-59) and 95 in old age (over 60 years). The investigator asked and filled out the questionnaire to record the basic information such as sex, age, height, weight, educational background, monthly income and health status of the residents, so as to ensure the integrity of basic information. Use a question-and-answer mode to reference the diet map to investigate the recent three-day diet (avoid holidays or irregular holidays), and double-entry statistical analysis of the results. Twenty healthy young volunteers were randomly divided into Lutein group and normal control group. The lutein group was supplemented with 20 mg lutein daily for 20 days and no supplementation was given to normal control group. Before the test (0 hours) and 12 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours, 144 hours, 240 hours, 480 hours and 720 hours after the first oral administration, 5 ml of fasting venous blood were taken for 720 hours, respectively, and the plasma was separated. Plasma lutein concentration was detected by HPLC. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 17. 0 statistical software, and the inspection level was 0. 05. Results: The median of lutein intake of urban and rural residents was 2709 ug/ d, and the intake of lutein in rural residents was significantly higher than that in cities (P0.05). Vegetable is the main source of dietary lutein from urban and rural residents in Qingdao, accounting for 95% of the proportion, among which spinach, leek and Chinese cabbage are the most important sources of dietary lutein from urban and rural residents. The intake of lutein in beans and fruits of rural residents was significantly lower than that of urban residents (P0.05). The intake of dietary lutein in middle-aged group was significantly higher than that of young group and elderly group (P0.05). The xanthophyll intake of the young group was significantly higher than that in the middle-aged group and the elderly group (P <0.05). The lutein content of the middle-aged group was significantly higher than that in the old group and the old group (P0.05). Lutein intake was significantly higher in the aged group than in the young group and middle-aged group (P0.05). In the study of the absorption and metabolism of lutein, the background level of lutein in the plasma of 20 young volunteers was 0. 361 bb0. 095 ug/ m L. With the continuous replenishment of lutein capsule, the plasma lutein concentration of volunteers increased steadily, and the lutein capsule was administered continuously for 20 days. The concentration of lutein in lutein group was 1. 112% 0. 559 ug/ m L. Compared with the supplementation (0 h), the concentration of lutein in lutein group increased 59%, 115%, 164%, 214% (P 0.05) in 72 hours, 144 hours, 240 hours and 480 hours after the first oral capsule. Conclusion: The median dietary lutein intake of urban and rural residents in Qingdao is 2709 碌g, and the daily dietary lutein intake of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents. The daily dietary lutein intake of middle-aged residents is higher than that of young people and elderly residents. The intake of lutein in the fruits and beans of urban residents is higher, the intake of lutein in grain and vegetables of rural residents is higher, the intake of lutein in fruit and dairy products of young people is higher, and the intake of lutein in the middle-aged group, the eggs, vegetables and grains is higher, The intake of lutein in legumes in the aged group was higher. The intake of lutein from vegetables reached 95%, spinach, leek and cabbage were the main sources of dietary lutein. After 20 days after oral administration, the level of lutein in plasma increased to 1. 112 ug/ m L, which was 3. 28 times before oral administration.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R151.42

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