严寒地区居民建筑室内微生物滋生状况研究分析

发布时间：2018-11-04 14:34

【摘要】：目的研究严寒地区民用建筑室内微生物的种类,分析建筑墙体发霉的原因,以寻求室内微生物的控制方法.方法在以沈阳地区为代表的严寒地区,对有微生物滋生的民用建筑室内进行霉菌样本的采集并进行培养,通过显微镜观察分析民用建筑室内微生物的类型;采用CHAMPS软件和WUFI-BIO软件分析室内发霉的原因和微生物的生长对人体的危害程度,提出可行的控制方法.结果通过微生物的培养得知:民用建筑室内微生物的类型主要为酵母菌和黑曲霉菌,如果此霉菌长期存在于室内会对人体有一定的危害.经过模拟分析得知:在室外天气较冷的冬季,室内外温差导致热桥部位容易结露,会促进霉菌的萌发.如果不进行处理,霉菌的生长指数在1年后可以达到2.5以上.结论严寒地区民用建筑室内由于通风少室内外温差较大,容易产生冷桥以及热桥,出现结露现象,导致微生物滋生,人们应在生活中注意防治霉菌等微生物的生长,降低其对人体产生危害.
[Abstract]:Objective to study the species of indoor microbes in civil buildings in severe cold area and analyze the causes of mildew in building walls in order to find the control methods of indoor microbes. Methods in the severe cold area represented by Shenyang area, the mold samples were collected and cultured in the indoor microbes of civil buildings, and the types of microbes in civil buildings were observed and analyzed by microscope. CHAMPS and WUFI-BIO software were used to analyze the causes of indoor mildew and the harm degree of microorganism growth to human body, and the feasible control methods were put forward. Results the microbes were mainly yeast and Aspergillus Niger, which would be harmful to human body if they existed indoors for a long time. Through simulation analysis, it was found that in the cold winter outside, the difference of indoor and outdoor temperature would lead to the condensation of the hot bridge, which would promote the germination of mold. If left untreated, the growth index of the mold could reach 2.5 or more after one year. Conclusion the cold bridges and hot bridges are easy to be produced in civil buildings in severe cold areas because of the large difference of indoor and outdoor temperature with less ventilation, which leads to the breeding of microbes. People should pay attention to the prevention and control of the growth of fungi and other microbes in their daily life. Reduce its harm to human body.
【作者单位】：沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院;大连理工大学土木工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51308353) 沈阳建筑大学科学研究项目(2017020) 辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20170540760) 中国博士后基金项目(2015M581362)
【分类号】：R12

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