重庆市大足区尘肺病病例分布特征分析

发布时间：2018-12-15 22:16

【摘要】：目的:分析重庆市大足区尘肺病例分布情况,为大足区制定尘肺病防治规划、减少或消除新尘肺病例提供科学依据。方法:采用回顾性现场调查方法,收集大足区2012-2014年尘肺病例资料,用描述性流行病学方法描述分布特征。结果:294例尘肺由煤工尘肺和矽肺组成,其中煤工尘肺258例,占尘肺总数的87.8%。分布于多种行业,以煤相关行业最高,共277例,占94.2%;工种呈多样化,以采煤最高,共190例,占64.6%。尘肺诊断平均年龄53.8岁,平均接尘时间22.9年;尘肺的发展进度与总接尘时间呈正相关。结论:大足区尘肺以煤工尘肺为主,分布于多行业、多工种,是严重危害劳动者健康的职业病,其发病与多种因素有关,相关部门应高度重视相关法律、法规及标准的贯彻落实,综合应用防尘八字方针,督促企业采取有效的防尘措施,减少或消除新发病例。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the distribution of pneumoconiosis cases in Dazu district of Chongqing and to provide scientific basis for making prevention plan and reducing or eliminating new cases of pneumoconiosis in Dazu district. Methods: the data of pneumoconiosis cases from 2012 to 2014 in Dazu district were collected by retrospective field investigation and the distribution characteristics were described by descriptive epidemiological method. Results: 294 cases of pneumoconiosis were composed of coal worker pneumoconiosis and silicosis, including 258 cases of coal worker pneumoconiosis, accounting for 87.8% of the total pneumoconiosis. It is distributed in many kinds of industries, the coal related industry is the highest, 277 cases (94.2%), and the type of work is diversified, 190 cases (64.6%) are the highest in coal mining. The average age of pneumoconiosis diagnosis was 53.8 years, and the average time of dust exposure was 22.9 years, and the development of pneumoconiosis was positively correlated with the total dust exposure time. Conclusion: the pneumoconiosis in Dazu area is dominated by coal workers' pneumoconiosis, which distributes in many trades and types of work. It is an occupational disease that seriously endangers the health of workers. The incidence of pneumoconiosis is related to many factors, and the relevant departments should attach great importance to the relevant laws. The implementation of laws and standards, comprehensive application of dust-prevention policy, urge enterprises to take effective measures to prevent dust, reduce or eliminate new cases.
【作者单位】：重庆市大足区疾病预防控制中心;重庆市大足区双路中学信息技术教研组;
【分类号】：R135.2

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