农村学生营养改善计划地区学生消化和呼吸系统疾病发生情况

发布时间：2018-12-19 15:52

【摘要】：目的分析我国"农村义务教育阶段学生营养改善计划"(以下简称"农村学生营养改善计划")地区学生呼吸和消化系统疾病的发生情况,为我国农村学生营养改善及相关政策的制定和实施提供基础数据。方法选取实施"农村学生营养改善计划"的50个重点监测县,每县按照学校食堂供餐、企业(单位)供餐和混合供餐等3种供餐模式,每种模式各随机抽取2所小学和2所初中学校,从小学三年级以上及初中每个年级各随机抽取1~2个班,达到每个年级40人左右,男女基本各半,共29 317名学生。采用"学生调查表"收集学生基本信息和常见病发生情况。结果过去1 a发生过常见消化系统疾病的学生占65.3%,初中生(71.2%)高于小学生(60.9%)(χ~2=582.98,P0.01),食堂供餐学生(67.1%)和企业供餐学生(66.3%)高于混合供餐学生(58.3%)(χ~2=138.91,P0.01)。过去1 a发生过常见呼吸系统疾病的学生占79.9%,女生(80.7%)高于男生(78.9%),初中生(85.6%)高于小学生(75.5%),食堂供餐学生(81.6%)和企业供餐学生(79.1%)高于混合供餐学生(76.0%)(χ~2值分别为22.31,823.43,60.41,P值均0.01)。结论 "学生营养改善计划"地区学生常见消化系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病的发生频率较高,小学生及混合供餐学校学生情况相对较好。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the incidence of respiratory and digestive system diseases in rural compulsory education stage students' nutrition improvement plan (hereinafter referred to as "rural student nutrition improvement plan") in China. To provide basic data for the formulation and implementation of nutrition improvement and related policies for rural students in China. Methods A total of 50 key monitoring counties were selected to implement the Rural Student Nutrition improvement Program. Each county was divided into three feeding models: school canteen, enterprise (unit) and mixed meal. Two primary schools and two junior high schools were randomly selected in each model, and 1 ~ 2 classes were randomly selected from each grade above the third grade and from each grade in junior high school. There were about 40 students in each grade, half male and half male, with a total of 29 317 students. The basic information of students and the occurrence of common diseases were collected by student questionnaire. Results in the past one year, 65.3% of the students had common digestive system diseases, 71.2% of the junior high school students were higher than the primary school students (60.9%) (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2, 582.98) (P0.01). The students in canteen (67.1%) and enterprise (66.3%) were higher than those in mixed meal (58.3%) (蠂 ~ (2) 138.91) (P0.01). In the past year, 79.9% of the students had common respiratory diseases, 80.7% of girls (80.7%) were higher than boys (78.9%), and 85.6% of junior high school students (85.6%) were higher than primary school students (75.5%). The students in canteen (81.6%) and enterprise (79.1%) were higher than those in mixed meal (76.0%) (蠂 ~ 2 = 22.31823.43) (P < 0.01). Conclusion the frequency of common diseases of digestive system and respiratory system of students in the area of "Student Nutrition improvement Program" is higher than that of primary school students and mixed feeding school students.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所;
【分类号】：R153.2

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