广东省燃煤电厂铅暴露水平调查研究

发布时间：2019-03-29 20:07

【摘要】：目的探讨燃煤电厂工作场所铅水平及其作业人员的铅接触水平。方法采用简单随机抽样法选择广东省16家燃煤电厂作为调查企业,收集电厂职业卫生基线资料。采集24份原煤样品和7份煤灰样品,采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱法测定其铅水平。采用分层抽样的方法选择使用国产煤种、进口煤种和其他煤种的燃煤电厂各1家开展问卷调查,测定其工作场所空气中铅烟(尘)时间加权平均浓度(CTWA),同时检测195名职业接触铅的生产人员(观察组)和无职业性铅接触的150名行政人员(对照组)的血铅水平。结果原煤和煤灰铅水平分别为13.33(4.06~29.45)和16.68(6.37~32.50)mg/kg。国产煤种、进口煤种和其他煤种的原煤含铅水平分别为12.20(9.74,19.27)、9.42(7.18,14.22)和9.72(4.74,21.35)mg/kg,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。各工作场所空气中铅烟(尘)CTWA检测结果均低于职业接触限值。观察组作业人员血铅水平高于对照组(42.76 vs 35.73μg/L,P0.01)。结论燃煤电厂原煤和煤灰均含有不同程度的铅,应重视燃煤电厂生产人员的体内铅蓄积和远期职业危害问题。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the lead level in the workplace of coal-fired power plant and the lead exposure level of workers in coal-fired power plants. Methods 16 coal-fired power plants were selected from 16 coal-fired power plants in Guangdong province by simple random sampling to collect baseline data of occupational health of power plants. Lead levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 24 raw coal samples and 7 coal ash samples. A questionnaire survey was conducted in each coal-fired power plant using domestic coal, imported coal and other coal by stratified sampling. The weighted average concentration of lead fume (dust) in the air in the workplace was measured by (CTWA),. Blood lead levels were also measured in 195 workers exposed to occupational lead (observation group) and 150 administrators without occupational lead exposure (control group). Results the lead levels in raw coal and coal ash were 13.33 (4.06 / 29.45) and 16.68 (6.37 / 32.50) mg/kg., respectively. The lead levels in raw coal of domestic coal, imported coal and other coal species were 12.20 (9.74, 19.27), 9.42 (7.18, 14.22) and 9.72 (4.74, 21.35) mg/kg, respectively (P0.05). The detection results of lead fume (dust) CTWA in the air of every workplace were lower than the occupational exposure limit. The blood lead level of the workers in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (42.76 vs 35.73 渭 g / L, P0.01). Conclusion both raw coal and coal ash in coal-fired power plants contain different levels of lead. Attention should be paid to lead accumulation and long-term occupational hazards in coal-fired power plant workers.
【作者单位】：广东省职业病防治院广东省职业病防治重点实验室;从化市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划(2014BAI12B01) 广东省医学科研基金项目(B2013025)
【分类号】：R135.11

【相似文献】