高温作业热环境评价指标的探讨

发布时间：2019-04-23 22:02

【摘要】：[目的]通过对上海铁路局2005—2014年高温作业岗位热环境的现场检测指标分析,提出全面合理的高温评价指标。[方法]选择上海铁路局内固定作业岗位的典型工种(包括洗罐工、锅炉工、锻工、洗涤工等),2005—2009年、2010—2014年高温检测分别利用温差、湿球黑球温度(WBGT)指数作为高温作业评价及分级指标,比较二者对相同作业岗位的判定差异。[结果]利用温差作为评价指标,炉前、洗涤、烘干、干洗作业不属于高温作业;利用WBGT指数作为高温作业评价指标,各岗位均属于高温作业岗位。除洗罐作业2005—2009年温差变化无统计学意义(P0.05)外,其余岗位2005—2009年温差及各岗位2010—2014年WBGT指数变化均有统计学意义(P0.01)。[结论]在使用WBGT指数评价高温作业分级过程中,评价等级偏高,建议考虑环境温差的因素。
[Abstract]:[objective] based on the analysis of the thermal environment of Shanghai Railway Bureau from 2005 to 2014, a comprehensive and reasonable evaluation index of high temperature was put forward. [methods] the typical types of jobs (including tank washers, boiler workers, forgers, scrubbers, etc.) in Shanghai Railway Bureau were selected. From 2005 to 2009, the temperature difference was used in the high temperature detection from 2010 to 2014. The (WBGT) index of wet bulb black ball temperature was used as the index of evaluation and classification of high temperature operation, and the difference between the two indexes in judging the same job position was compared. [results] temperature difference was used as evaluation index, washing, drying and dry cleaning before furnace were not high temperature operation, WBGT index was used as evaluation index of high temperature operation, all posts belonged to high temperature job. Except the change of temperature difference between 2005-2009 and 2005-2009 (P0.05), the temperature difference in 2005-2009 and the WBGT index change of each post in 2005-2009 were statistically significant (P0.01). [conclusion] in the process of using WBGT index to evaluate the classification of high temperature operation, the evaluation grade is too high, and it is suggested that the factors of environmental temperature difference should be taken into account.
【作者单位】：上海铁路局疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科;
【分类号】：R135

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