上海市夏季游泳池水消毒副产物暴露水平及健康风险评估

发布时间：2019-05-20 18:37

【摘要】：目的研究上海市夏季游泳池水消毒副产物暴露水平及健康风险。方法于2016年7—8月,在上海市黄浦、静安、闵行和青浦4区各选择2家游泳场馆,以全部18个游泳池作为研究对象。检测游泳池水中消毒副产物三卤甲烷类(trihalomethanes,THMs,包括三氯甲烷、三溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷和二氯一溴甲烷)和卤代乙酸类(haloacetic acids,HAAs,包括一氯乙酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、一溴二氯乙酸和二溴乙酸)的浓度;基于问卷调查,对游泳池人群的消毒副产物暴露特征和水平进行评估,并评价其健康风险。结果除三溴甲烷未检出外,上海市夏季游泳池水中均检出其余8种消毒副产物。其中,三氯甲烷浓度为7.70~101.90μg/L;二溴一氯甲烷浓度为0.20~6.60μg/L;一溴二氯甲烷浓度为0.72~17.90μg/L;一氯乙酸浓度为5~88μg/L;二氯乙酸浓度为6.20~480.10μg/L;三氯乙酸浓度为7.60~613.30μg/L;一溴二氯乙酸浓度为4.17~17.60μg/L;二溴乙酸浓度为0.36~3.90μg/L。人群经皮肤和呼吸道暴露以三氯甲烷最高,人群平均致癌风险均小于1×10~(-5),非致癌风险远低于1。结论上海市夏季游泳池水人群消毒副产物经皮肤和呼吸道的致癌和非致癌风险都在可接受水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the exposure level and health risk of disinfection by-products of swimming pool water in Shanghai in summer. Methods from July to August 2016, two swimming stadiums were selected in Huangpu, Jing'an, Minhang and Qingpu districts of Shanghai, and all 18 swimming pools were selected as the subjects of the study. Detection of disinfection by-products trihalomethane (trihalomethanes,THMs, including trichloromethane, tribromomethane, dichlorodibromomethane and dichloromethane) and halogenated acetic acid (haloacetic acids,HAAs, including monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid) in swimming pool water, Concentrations of monobromodichloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid); Based on the questionnaire survey, the exposure characteristics and levels of disinfection by-products of swimming pool people were evaluated, and their health risks were evaluated. Results except tribromomethane was not detected, the other eight disinfection by-products were detected in summer swimming pool water in Shanghai. The concentrations of trichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, monobromodichloromethane and monochloroacetic acid were 7.70 ~ 101.90 渭 g / L, 0.20 ~ 6.60 渭 g / L, 0.72 ~ 17.90 渭 g / L, 5 ~ 88 渭 g / L, 0.72 ~ 17.90 渭 g / L and 5 ~ 88 渭 g / L, respectively. The concentrations of dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromodichloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid were 6.20 ~ 480.10 渭 g / L, 7.60 ~ 613.30 渭 g / L, 4.17 ~ 17.60 渭 g / L and 0.36 ~ 3.90 渭 g / L, respectively. Trichloromethane is the highest in the population exposed to skin and respiratory tract. The average carcinogenic risk of the population is less than 1 脳 10 ~ (- 5), and the non-carcinogenic risk is much less than 1. Conclusion the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of disinfection by-products through skin and respiratory tract in Shanghai summer swimming pool water population are acceptable.
【作者单位】：上海市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科;上海市徐汇区疾病预防控制中心环境与职业卫生科;上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科;上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心环境与职业卫生科;
【基金】：上海市卫生局局级科研课题(20134Y075) 第四轮公共卫生三年行动计划(15GWZK0201)
【分类号】：R126.4

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