中链三酰甘油对脑力疲劳大鼠抗氧化和认知能力的影响
发布时间：2019-06-01 18:03
【摘要】：一、研究背景 人体的活动大体上分为体力和脑力劳动2种,都是在中枢神经系统(由脑和脊髓组成)的统一协调下完成的。现代社会中,虽然大多数人的体力劳动强度有所减轻,但脑力劳动强度却明显加重,再加上生活节奏加快和社会竞争等压力的增大,最终导致脑力疲劳的人群不断扩大,脑力疲劳程度也不断加重。 因此,脑力疲劳以及由此发展而来的慢性疲劳综合征,已经严重威胁着普通人群的身心健康。同时,新形势下武警部队执勤、处突、反恐任务增强,部队训练任务日趋繁重,训练项目增多,强度也不断加大,由军事训练引发的运动性疲劳和精神性疲劳在基层部队时常可见。因此,研究脑力疲劳发生机制及其预防策略具有重要的现实意义。目前国内外对疲劳的研究主要在对天然动植物、天然动植物提取物,还有氨基酸、维生素、辅酶Q咖啡因等,仅有数篇关于对中链脂肪酸能提高运动能力的报道。 中链脂肪酸(MCFA)是由6～12个碳原子构成的,是自然界中含量比较少的脂肪酸,来源于棕榈油、椰子油、乳类及其制品等,主要有辛酸(C8H16O2)和癸酸(C10H20O2)。MCFA在食物中以三酰甘油的形式存在,即中链三酰甘油(MCT)。中链三酰甘油消化吸收及利用途径特殊,能够被机体迅速的吸收利用,快速提供能量。查阅文献可知,中链三酰甘油能够降低血清三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白；改善糖尿病人的胰岛素抵抗；减少体脂肪积累,预防肥胖；提高免疫功能,防止细菌感染等。也有人体实验证明,运动员食用中链脂肪酸,可以提高其运动能力。 本实验采用动物实验方法,通过在对大鼠饲料中添加中链三酰甘油并对大鼠进行睡眠剥夺来造成脑力疲劳模型,观察研究中链三酰甘油对大鼠各项血脂生理指标、抗氧化能力和学习认知能力的影响,并推测其作用机制,为中链三酰甘油是否具有缓解或加重脑力疲劳作用提供实验依据和理论支持。 二、研究内容 (一)目的 1、观察评价中链三酰甘油对脑力疲劳是否具有缓解或加重作用； 2、推测中链三酰甘油对脑力疲劳作用的机制； 3、为中链三酰甘油与脑力疲劳间关系提供科学依据。 (二)方法 1、实验动物和分组 健康雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠35只,体重(150-160)g,由第二军医大学实验动物中心购买。在实验开始前,先行适应性喂养1周。1w后,将35只大鼠进行迷宫测试,淘汰迟钝者,留下30只,随机分成5组,每组6只。分组情况如下：空白正常睡眠组(NC组)、空白睡眠剥夺组(SD组)、低剂量MCT组(LD组)、中剂量MCT组(MD组)和高剂量MCT组(HD组)。 2、实验方法 用MCT粉剂订制特定的饲料,用含低、中、高剂量MCT的饲料分别喂养LD组、MD组和HD组的大鼠,NC组和SD组大鼠则用不含MCT的原配方饲料喂养。每只大鼠每天限定饲料15g,饮水不限量。持续喂养4w,每天观察饲料食用情况,每周称量大鼠体重。每周对各组大鼠进行3次Y电迷宫训练,每只每次训练20次。4w后,大鼠禁食12h,麻醉并眼眶取血,血清在4℃3000r/min离心20min。正常饲养3天后,对大鼠进行连续72h睡眠剥夺。睡眠剥夺后,进行电迷宫测试,观察各组大鼠的记忆认知能力；迷宫测试后,立即将大鼠麻醉,采集组织样本。 3、样本采集 迷宫测试后,立即将大鼠麻醉,迅速断头,快速在冰袋上分离脑干、海马,在冰冷的生理盐水中冲净血渍,放入冻存管后投入液氮罐中暂时保存。取大鼠肝脏组织,同样冲净血渍后放入冻存管投入液氮罐中保存。所有组织取完时,将液氮中冻存管转移至-75℃冰箱中保存待测。 4、指标测定 (1)血生化指标检测用日立全自动生化仪测定总三酰甘油(total triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesferol, HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholestorol, LDL-C)含量。 (2)肝脏抗氧化指标检测按试剂盒操作方法检测GSH-Px、SOD活性和MDA含量。 (3)脑干神经递质检测按3-CAT试剂盒说明测定去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)、肾上腺素(adrenalin, AD)和多巴胺(dopamine, DA)的含量；按5-羟色胺试剂盒说明检测5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)含量。 (4)海马部分基因表达采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,检测NMDA受体亚单位NR1/NR2AmRNA以及GABA受体GABAARα1mRNA的表达水平。 5、数据处理 所有数据以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,采用SPSS18.0统计软件进行方差分析,P0.05有统计学差异。 三、结果 1、MCT可以延缓大鼠体重增长(P0.05,P0.01),升高HDL/LDL比值(P0.05,P0.01),高剂量MCT可以降低大鼠血清TC和LDL-C (P0.01),中剂量和高剂量MCT会升高大鼠血清TG(P0.05),低剂量MCT升高大鼠血清HDL-C (P0.01)。 2、睡眠剥夺后,各剂量MCT组大鼠的迷宫反应正确率均比SD组升高(P0.05,P0.01)。 3、中剂量MCT可以提高肝脏GSH-Px的活力(P0.05),降低MDA水平(P0.05),增强机体抗氧化能力。 4、MCT可以增加睡眠剥夺后大鼠脑干中去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、多巴胺的浓度(P0.05),降低脑干5-羟色胺水平(P0.05)。 5、MCT可以增加睡眠剥夺大鼠海马内NMDA受体亚单位NR1、NR2A的表达量(P0.05),减少GABAARα1的表达(P0.05)。 四、结论 1、MCT可以减缓大鼠体重增长,调节大鼠血脂水平。 2、MCT能够提高睡眠剥夺后大鼠的抗氧化能力,防止氧化损伤。 3、MCT能够通过调节脑干中单胺类递质水平和NMDA受体亚单位NR1/NR2A及GABA受体GABAARα1的表达量,减缓大鼠72h睡眠剥夺后的精神疲劳,提高其认知能力。
[Abstract]:I. Background of the study The activity of the human body is generally divided into two types of physical and cerebral, and is done under the unified coordination of the central nervous system (composed of the brain and the spinal cord). In the modern society, while the strength of the physical strength of most people is reduced, the strength of the brain is obviously increased, the pace of life and the increase of the social competition are combined with the increasing of the population of mental fatigue, and the level of mental fatigue is increasing. Heavy. As a result, mental fatigue and the chronic fatigue syndrome developed thereby have been a serious threat to the body of the general population At the same time, under the new situation, the armed police force is on duty, the position of the military police force and the anti-terrorism task are enhanced, the training tasks of the force are becoming more and more heavy, the training items are increased, the strength is also increasing, and the sports fatigue and the mental fatigue caused by the military training are at the grass-roots unit Therefore, it is important to study the mechanism of mental fatigue and its preventive strategy. At present, the research on fatigue at home and abroad is mainly on natural plant and plant, natural plant and plant extracts, and amino acids, vitamins, coenzyme Q caffeine, etc., only a few of the studies on the ability of medium-chain fatty acid to improve the ability to exercise The medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA), which is composed of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, is a relatively small amount of fatty acid in nature, and is derived from palm oil, coconut oil, milk and its products. It is mainly caprylic acid (C8H16O2) and capric acid (C10H20O2). MCFA is used as the triglyceride in the food. in the form of medium-chain triglycerides, (MCT). The digestion and absorption of medium-chain triglyceride and the utilization of the medium-chain triglyceride are special, and can be quickly absorbed and utilized by the body. It can be seen from the literature that medium-chain triglycerides can reduce serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein, improve insulin resistance of diabetic patients, reduce body fat accumulation, prevent obesity, and improve immune function and prevent It also has a human body experiment to prove that the athletes can increase the medium-chain fatty acid and can improve the quality of the medium-chain fatty acid, In this experiment, the brain fatigue model was caused by the addition of medium-chain triglycerides to the rat's feed and the sleep deprivation in the rat. The results of the study were as follows: the physiological indexes, the anti-oxidation ability and the learning of the medium-chain triglycerides in the rats The effect of the cognitive ability, and the mechanism of its action, is to provide an experimental study on whether the medium-chain triglycerides have the effects of relieving or aggravating the mental fatigue. basis and theoretical support A. Two. (1) Objective 1 of the study to evaluate the effect of medium-and medium-chain triglycerides on the brain Whether the fatigue has the effect of relieving or aggravating; in the speculations. The mechanism of the action of chain tripolyglycerol on the mental fatigue;3. it is medium-chain. glycerin and brain Force Fatigue-to-Fatigue Relationship-providing Section Basis of study. (ii) Method 1, experimental animals and group healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats 35 rats, body weight (15 0-160) g, purchased by the experimental animal center of the Second Military Medical University. Prior to the start of the experiment, the first week after the first administration,35 rats were subjected to a maze test. Obsolete,30 were left, and 5 groups were randomly divided into 5 groups. The grouping was as follows: blank normal sleep group (NC group), blank sleep deprivation group (SD group), low-dose MCT group (LD group), medium dose an amount of mct sets ( MD group and high-dose MCT group (HD group).2. The experimental method was used to order specific feed with MCT powder, and the LD group, MD group and HD group were fed with the feed containing low, medium and high dose of MCT, respectively. Rats, NC and SD rats were used without MCT The original formula feed is fed. Each rat is limited to 15 g of feed per day, and the drinking water is not limited. . The feed consumption was observed continuously for 4 weeks, and the weight of the rats was weighed on a weekly basis.3 times of Y-electric maze training was conducted on each group of rats per week. After 4 weeks, the rats were fasted for 12 hours, and then the rats were anesthetized. The blood was taken from the orbit, and the serum was centrifuged at 3000 r/ min at 4 鈩，
本文编号：2490469
[Abstract]:I. Background of the study The activity of the human body is generally divided into two types of physical and cerebral, and is done under the unified coordination of the central nervous system (composed of the brain and the spinal cord). In the modern society, while the strength of the physical strength of most people is reduced, the strength of the brain is obviously increased, the pace of life and the increase of the social competition are combined with the increasing of the population of mental fatigue, and the level of mental fatigue is increasing. Heavy. As a result, mental fatigue and the chronic fatigue syndrome developed thereby have been a serious threat to the body of the general population At the same time, under the new situation, the armed police force is on duty, the position of the military police force and the anti-terrorism task are enhanced, the training tasks of the force are becoming more and more heavy, the training items are increased, the strength is also increasing, and the sports fatigue and the mental fatigue caused by the military training are at the grass-roots unit Therefore, it is important to study the mechanism of mental fatigue and its preventive strategy. At present, the research on fatigue at home and abroad is mainly on natural plant and plant, natural plant and plant extracts, and amino acids, vitamins, coenzyme Q caffeine, etc., only a few of the studies on the ability of medium-chain fatty acid to improve the ability to exercise The medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA), which is composed of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, is a relatively small amount of fatty acid in nature, and is derived from palm oil, coconut oil, milk and its products. It is mainly caprylic acid (C8H16O2) and capric acid (C10H20O2). MCFA is used as the triglyceride in the food. in the form of medium-chain triglycerides, (MCT). The digestion and absorption of medium-chain triglyceride and the utilization of the medium-chain triglyceride are special, and can be quickly absorbed and utilized by the body. It can be seen from the literature that medium-chain triglycerides can reduce serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein, improve insulin resistance of diabetic patients, reduce body fat accumulation, prevent obesity, and improve immune function and prevent It also has a human body experiment to prove that the athletes can increase the medium-chain fatty acid and can improve the quality of the medium-chain fatty acid, In this experiment, the brain fatigue model was caused by the addition of medium-chain triglycerides to the rat's feed and the sleep deprivation in the rat. The results of the study were as follows: the physiological indexes, the anti-oxidation ability and the learning of the medium-chain triglycerides in the rats The effect of the cognitive ability, and the mechanism of its action, is to provide an experimental study on whether the medium-chain triglycerides have the effects of relieving or aggravating the mental fatigue. basis and theoretical support A. Two. (1) Objective 1 of the study to evaluate the effect of medium-and medium-chain triglycerides on the brain Whether the fatigue has the effect of relieving or aggravating; in the speculations. The mechanism of the action of chain tripolyglycerol on the mental fatigue;3. it is medium-chain. glycerin and brain Force Fatigue-to-Fatigue Relationship-providing Section Basis of study. (ii) Method 1, experimental animals and group healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats 35 rats, body weight (15 0-160) g, purchased by the experimental animal center of the Second Military Medical University. Prior to the start of the experiment, the first week after the first administration,35 rats were subjected to a maze test. Obsolete,30 were left, and 5 groups were randomly divided into 5 groups. The grouping was as follows: blank normal sleep group (NC group), blank sleep deprivation group (SD group), low-dose MCT group (LD group), medium dose an amount of mct sets ( MD group and high-dose MCT group (HD group).2. The experimental method was used to order specific feed with MCT powder, and the LD group, MD group and HD group were fed with the feed containing low, medium and high dose of MCT, respectively. Rats, NC and SD rats were used without MCT The original formula feed is fed. Each rat is limited to 15 g of feed per day, and the drinking water is not limited. . The feed consumption was observed continuously for 4 weeks, and the weight of the rats was weighed on a weekly basis.3 times of Y-electric maze training was conducted on each group of rats per week. After 4 weeks, the rats were fasted for 12 hours, and then the rats were anesthetized. The blood was taken from the orbit, and the serum was centrifuged at 3000 r/ min at 4 鈩，
本文编号：2490469
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