深圳市学龄前儿童饮食行为问题的健康教育效果评价

发布时间：2019-06-25 07:47

【摘要】：目的评价健康教育对改善学龄前儿童饮食行为和家长对饮食行为认知态度的效果。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对学龄前儿童家长进行问卷调查,找出存在饮食行为问题儿童,对其及其家长进行6个月的健康教育,再次问卷调查,分析干预前后儿童饮食行为和家长认知态度的改变。结果共317人,其中男童176人,女童141人通过健康教育,学龄前儿童饮食行为问题得到改善,干预前的挑食(67.2%)、吃饭慢(24.0%)、饭前吃零食(13.6%)、吃饭时玩(26.8%)、吃饭地点不固定(13.2%)、不愿尝试新食物(28.4%)和吃饭含饭(19.6%)等行为问题干预后分别下降为48.3%、17.0%、6.0%、17.7%、4.7%、21.5%和13.6%,差异有统计学意义,家长的营养知识水平显著提高,对儿童饮食行为问题的认知态度也有所改变,差异有统计学意义。结论对家长和学龄前儿童进行健康教育,可以改善学龄前儿童的饮食行为问题。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the effect of health education on improving preschool children's dietary behavior and parents' cognitive attitude towards dietary behavior. Methods the parents of preschool children were investigated by stratified cluster sampling, and the children with dietary behavior problems were found out. The children and their parents were given health education for 6 months. The changes of children's eating behavior and parents' cognitive attitude before and after intervention were analyzed. Results A total of 317 people, including 176 boys and 141 girls, were improved through health education. Picky food before intervention (67.2%), slow eating (24.0%), eating snacks before meals (13.6%), eating during meals (26.8%), eating places were not fixed (13.2%). After intervention with behavior problems such as reluctance to try new food (28.4%) and food inclusion (19.6%), it decreased to 48.3%, 17.0%, 6.0%, 17.7%, 4.7%, 21.5% and 13.6%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant, the level of nutritional knowledge of parents was significantly improved, and the cognitive attitude towards children's dietary behavior problems was also changed, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Health education for parents and preschool children can improve the dietary behavior of preschool children.
【作者单位】：深圳市宝安区松岗预防保健所
【基金】：2014年深圳市宝安区科技计划项目(2014325)
【分类号】：R179

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