鳕鱼皮胶原及其低聚肽的制备及特性研究
发布时间：2019-07-04 19:59
【摘要】：鳕鱼皮是鳕鱼肉制品加工的主要副产物,资源丰富,产地又相对集中,对其进行综合开发利用具有环境、经济和社会多重效益。胶原是鳕鱼皮中的主要成分,占总蛋白含量的57.54%。具有独特的结构组成及生物功能,在化工、生物医学材料及食品等行业应用广泛。而具有高吸收性、多重生理活性功能的胶原小分子肽物质,更是受到医药保健、美容化妆品领域的热点关注。 本文以水产加工下脚料-鳕鱼皮为原料,研究胶原及胶原低聚肽的制备工艺,并对胶原的结构、性质及胶原低聚肽的生物活性进行了测定分析。主要研究内容如下:研究了鳕鱼皮原料的预处理工艺,采用有机试剂静态浸泡法对原料进行脱脂处理,确定了脱脂工艺为:正己烷4℃静态浸泡8 h脱脂,脱脂率达到91.18%;采用氯化钠盐溶液方法对鳕鱼皮原料进行除杂处理,确定了除杂工艺为:7.5%的NaCl溶液4℃浸泡12 h除杂,杂蛋白脱除率为46.09%,胶原损失较少。 确定了胶原的提取工艺路线,采用低温酸酶结合法,最佳提取工艺为:4℃条件下,胃蛋白酶浓度为1.0%,料液比为1:40,处理时间为24 h,酸介质为柠檬酸,酸介质浓度为0.20 mol/L,鳕鱼皮胶原提取率为48.67%。对胶原酶解液进行盐析纯化,胶原沉淀复溶后用超滤方法进行胶原的脱盐纯化,确定操作工艺条件为:压力1.0 MPa,间歇加水操作3次,料液脱盐率达到89.98%,胶原损失仅为8.75%。对胃蛋白酶酶促水解鳕鱼皮制备胶原的酶解反应特性进行了初步探讨,得到酶反应动力学方程为:-rs=(2.9004E-3×[S])/([S]+0.2156)。 对制备的鳕鱼皮胶原进行了结构及性质测定分析,通过红外光谱、圆二色谱检测,显示胶原的三股螺旋结构保持良好;紫外光谱扫描结果符合胶原的吸收特征;SDS-PAGE电泳确定为I型胶原;氨基酸分析结果符合典型的胶原氨基酸构成;DSC测定显示其热稳定性不如陆生动物。 研究鳕鱼皮活性胶原低聚肽的酶解工艺条件。以鳕鱼皮明胶为原料,优选出两种最适酶种:碱性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶。分别采用单酶、双酶复合水解制备胶原低聚肽,确定的最优方案为:两酶混合水解,pH 8.5,温度50℃,水解时间6 h,加酶量均为2500 U/g,水解度达到29.71%。实验制备的鳕鱼皮胶原低聚肽相对分子量分布集中在1000 Da以内。体外抗氧化活性分析表明胶原低聚肽具有一定的抗氧化活性。
文内图片：
图片说明：鳕鱼Fig.1-1Cod
[Abstract]:Cod skin is the main by-product of cod meat processing, which is rich in resources and relatively concentrated in producing areas. the comprehensive development and utilization of cod skin has multiple environmental, economic and social benefits. Collagen is the main component of cod skin, accounting for 57.54% of the total protein content. It has unique structure and biological function, and is widely used in chemical industry, biomedical material and food industry. Collagen small molecular peptides with high absorption and multiple physiological activities have been paid more and more attention in the field of medicine and health care and beauty cosmetics. In this paper, the preparation technology of collagen and collagen oligopeptide was studied by using cod skin as raw material, and the structure and properties of collagen and the biological activity of collagen oligopeptide were determined and analyzed. The main research contents are as follows: the pretreatment process of cod skin raw material was studied, and the skim treatment of cod skin raw material was carried out by static immersion with organic reagent. The defatting process was determined as follows: n-hexane was steeped at 4 鈩，
本文编号：2510183
文内图片：
图片说明：鳕鱼Fig.1-1Cod
[Abstract]:Cod skin is the main by-product of cod meat processing, which is rich in resources and relatively concentrated in producing areas. the comprehensive development and utilization of cod skin has multiple environmental, economic and social benefits. Collagen is the main component of cod skin, accounting for 57.54% of the total protein content. It has unique structure and biological function, and is widely used in chemical industry, biomedical material and food industry. Collagen small molecular peptides with high absorption and multiple physiological activities have been paid more and more attention in the field of medicine and health care and beauty cosmetics. In this paper, the preparation technology of collagen and collagen oligopeptide was studied by using cod skin as raw material, and the structure and properties of collagen and the biological activity of collagen oligopeptide were determined and analyzed. The main research contents are as follows: the pretreatment process of cod skin raw material was studied, and the skim treatment of cod skin raw material was carried out by static immersion with organic reagent. The defatting process was determined as follows: n-hexane was steeped at 4 鈩，
本文编号：2510183
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