典型燃煤电厂周边蔬菜重金属累积特征及人体健康风险

发布时间：2019-08-15 06:12

【摘要】：目的探讨和分析燃煤电厂重金属排放对周边蔬菜质量安全的影响。方法选取典型燃煤电厂,分析其东南西北4个方向、5 km范围内(基于不同气象条件下的最大浓度的落地距离)叶菜类、豆类和茄果类蔬菜中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg和Pb重金属累积特征,并使用膳食暴露模型评估该地区蔬菜重金属污染的人体健康风险。结果调查的10种蔬菜中,叶菜类、豆类和茄果类Cu超标率分别为17.4%、14.3%和14.3%,叶菜Hg和Cr超标率分别为21.7%和17.4%,其他蔬菜重金属均未超出相应的国家食品卫生标准限值。儿童摄入Cu的非致癌风险值平均为1.09,其他金属对暴露人群的非致癌风险值均小于1.0,但该区域蔬菜中多种重金属对成人和儿童的总非致癌风险值分别为2.18和3.00。结论该区域蔬菜的重金属污染程度整体较低,燃煤电厂排放并没有造成周边蔬菜重金属的严重污染。该燃煤电厂周边蔬菜中除Cu累积对人体会造成非致癌风险,其他金属无明显的健康危害,但复合污染风险需重视。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore and analyze the effect of heavy metal emissions from coal-fired power plants on the quality and safety of surrounding vegetables. Methods the accumulation characteristics of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg and Pb heavy metals in leafy vegetables, legumes and eggplant vegetables in 4 directions of southeast and northwest, 5 km (based on the maximum concentration of landing distance under different meteorological conditions) were analyzed, and the human health risk of heavy metal pollution in vegetables in this area was evaluated by dietary exposure model. Results among the 10 kinds of vegetables investigated, the exceeding standard rates of Cu, Hg and Cr of leafy vegetables, legumes and eggplant fruits were 17.4%, 14.3% and 14.3%, 21.7% and 17.4%, respectively. the heavy metals of other vegetables did not exceed the corresponding national food hygiene standard limits. The average non-carcinogenic risk value of Cu intake in children was 1.09, and the non-carcinogenic risk value of other metals in exposed population was less than 1.0. however, the total non-carcinogenic risk values of various heavy metals in vegetables in this area to adults and children were 2.18 and 3.00, respectively. Conclusion the pollution degree of heavy metals in vegetables in this area is low as a whole, and the emission from coal-fired power plants does not cause serious pollution of heavy metals in surrounding vegetables. The accumulation of Cu in the vegetables around the coal-fired power plant will cause non-carcinogenic risk to the human body, and other metals have no obvious health hazards, but the compound pollution risk should be paid attention to.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所;重庆市忠县环境监测站;
【基金】：环境保护部2012年环保公益性行业科研专项(No.201309023)
【分类号】：S63;R155.54

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