运动性骨骼肌内质网应激与线粒体功能调控

发布时间：2018-01-25 21:08

本文关键词： 骨骼肌内质网应激线粒体运动训练　出处：《中国体育科技》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：内质网(ER)是真核细胞中Ca~(2+)贮存库,负责调节蛋白质合成、合成后加工、折叠和聚集的细胞器,其具有极强的内稳态体系,当细胞稳态受外界刺激因素改变时可导致内质网功能内稳态失衡,形成内质网应激(ER stress,ERs)。由于线粒体与内质网存在内质网-线粒体联接区域(mitochondrial associated membranes,MAM)结构以及在功能方面的相互作用,使得线粒体对ERs非常敏感,ERs可通过改变代谢物的转移,如Ca~(2+),或通过应激反应信号通路,将信息传递至线粒体,直接影响线粒体功能,包括:代谢酶活性、呼吸链功能及ATP生成、线粒体融裂、DNA生物发生、质量控制等方面。骨骼肌ERs的现象首先被发现存在于一些肌病中,随后的研究提示,运动训练也是诱发骨骼肌ERs的因素之一,运动训练可能在调节骨骼肌线粒体功能、优化ERs水平、维持细胞蛋白稳态方面发挥重要作用,其具体分子机制有待进一步研究。
[Abstract]:Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a reservoir of Ca~(2 in eukaryotic cells, which regulates protein synthesis, post-synthetic processing, folding and aggregation of organelles, and has a strong homeostasis system. When the cell homeostasis is changed by external stimuli, it can lead to the imbalance of endoplasmic reticulum function homeostasis, resulting in ER stress. Due to the existence of endoplasmic reticulum (ERR) -mitochondrial associated membranes in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mam) structures and functional interactions make mitochondria very sensitive to ERs by altering the transfer of metabolites, such as Ca~(2, or through the stress response signaling pathway. The transmission of information to mitochondria directly affects mitochondrial function, including metabolic enzyme activity, respiratory chain function and ATP production. Quality control and other aspects. Skeletal muscle ERs phenomenon was first found in some myopathy, later research suggests that exercise training is also one of the factors that induce skeletal muscle ERs. Exercise training may play an important role in regulating the function of skeletal muscle mitochondria, optimizing the level of ERs and maintaining the homeostasis of cellular protein.
【作者单位】：南京体育学院运动健康科学系;华东师范大学体育与健康学院;
【基金】：江苏高校青蓝工程资助(优秀青年骨干教师) 南京体育学院院级课题重大项目(YJ1601)
【分类号】：R87
【正文快照】： 前言真核细胞含有多个细胞器以及被膜包围的间隙,大多数蛋白在胞浆内质网上合成,大约一半以上需要通过转移或穿过至少一层细胞膜到达它们的目的地。以线粒体为例,99%的线粒体蛋白需借助存在于线粒体膜上的蛋白输入机制(PIM,Protein Import Machinery)进入线粒体不同区域发挥作

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