不同附加滤过组合对球管负荷和辐射剂量的影响

发布时间：2018-01-27 11:56

本文关键词： 放射摄影术附加滤过辐射剂量　出处：《放射学实践》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨不同附加滤过组合对球管负荷和辐射剂量的影响,旨在合理选择附加滤过组合,既能有效减少辐射剂量又不过分损耗X线球管。方法:以设备自带设定膝关节正位、腰椎正位和胸部正位摄影曝光模式,分别进行不同附加滤过组合[无附加滤过(A组)、2mm铝(B组)、0.1mm铜+2mm铝(C组)、0.2mm铜+2mm铝(D组)]对自制模体进行三组曝光,每组模式的曝光因子(除滤过组合外)相同,每个滤过组合进行5次曝光,记录每次曝光的曝光量(mAs)和剂量面积乘积(DAP)值,并进行统计学分析。结果:随着附加滤过厚度的增加,球管负荷随之增大;辐射剂量(DAP)随之减小;两两比较显示,球馆负荷(mAs值)D组C组B组A组(P0.001),辐射剂量(DAP值)D组C组B组A组(P0.001)。分析0.1mm铜+1mm铝与2mm铝的滤过效果,显示0.1mm铜比1mm铝的滤过能力更强(P0.001)。结论:X线摄影时必须选择附加滤过,以0.2mm铜+2mm铝附加滤过效果最好,可以最大限度减少辐射剂量,但球管损伤也大,在实际工作中可灵活选择。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the effects of different additional filtration combinations on the load and radiation dose of spherical tubes in order to select reasonable additional filter combinations. It can effectively reduce radiation dose without excessive loss of X-ray tube. Methods: different additional filter combinations were performed with the equipment to set the orthotropic position of knee, lumbar vertebrae and chest orthostatic radiography exposure mode. [The self-made molds were exposed to 0.1 mm copper (2mm aluminum) and 0.2mm copper (2mm Al + D) in group A without additional filtration. Exposure factors (except filter combinations) for each group of modes were the same, with 5 exposures per filter combination, recording the exposure amount per exposure and the dose area product DAPs. Results: with the increase of the additional filtration thickness, the load of the ball tube increased. The radiation dose (DAPs) decreased. The mAs value of group D was higher than that of group C and group B (P 0.001). The dose of DAP in D group, group C, group B, group A, P 0.001, respectively. The filtration effects of 0.1 mm copper (1 mm) aluminum and 2 mm aluminum (2 mm aluminum) were analyzed. The results show that 0.1 mm copper is better than 1mm aluminum in filtering ability. Conclusion the additional filtration must be selected in the X-ray photography of 0.1 mm copper and 2mm aluminum, and 0.2mm copper and 2mm aluminum is the best. The radiation dose can be minimized, but the damage of the spherical tube is also great, so it can be chosen flexibly in practical work.
【作者单位】：珠海市中西医结合医院南方医科大学附属珠海医院影像科;
【分类号】：R814.2
【正文快照】： X线球管窗口发出的射线是混合射线,其中低能(长波)部分不能穿透人体而直接被人体吸收,造成辐射损伤。利用附加滤过板能吸收低能射线,减少辐射危害,在胸部高仟伏摄影中得到广泛应用[1-3],但是附加滤过有多种组合,多数是单一铝或者铜滤过板,而复合滤过的不同组合与球管负荷、辐

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