不同强度的间歇跑台训练对生长期大鼠骨代谢的影响

发布时间：2018-02-01 02:42

本文关键词： 间歇跑台训练运动强度骨量骨代谢　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1研究目的青少年的骨密度在整个青春期呈上升趋势，青春期前期进行运动干预是提高骨密度的最佳时期,对骨密度的有利作用更明显，青春期进行负重(跳跃)运动可以提高峰值骨量,青春期是峰值骨量形成的敏感时期，在生长发育的高峰期参加运动可以促进骨的构建。结合目前动物和人体实验的研究结果,强度不同的间歇跑台训练骨代谢有显著影响,本次试验我选择生长期大鼠为研究对象,通过对生长期大鼠股骨的骨含量和骨密度以及血液中骨代谢相关指标的测定,探讨不同强度的间歇跑台训练对生长期大鼠骨代谢的影响,以期为广大青少年运动锻炼和专业青少年运动员的科学训练提供理论支持。 2实验方法选取4周龄雄性wistar大鼠70只(由山东鲁抗医药股份有限公司提供)，平均体重为(67.99±5.83)g,根据体重随机搭配分成7组（n=10）:即对照组和运动组。运动组按照大鼠摄氧量分为:65%组,70%组,75%组,80%组,85%组和90%组。跑台训练8周,每周训练6d,每组训练分3次,每次不低于10min,中间间隔30min,最后一次运动后24h,摘眼球取血，毁脊髓法处死后解剖，取后肢右侧股骨剥离结缔组织，用生理盐水浸透的纱布包裹置-84℃冰箱保存，待骨含量(BMC：Bone mineral content)和骨密度(BMD：Bone mineral density)指标的测试。同时测血清中的碱性磷酸酶（AKP: Alkline phosphatase）、抗酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶（StrACP: Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase），血磷（P：Blood phosphorus），，血钙（Ca：Blood Calcium）的含量，所有数据用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学处理。 3实验结果 3.1实验前后体重变化实验前各组大鼠之间体重差异无统计学意义。实验后70%组大鼠体重显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），75%—90%组非常显著低于对照组（P＜0.01），90%组显著低于65%组和70%组（P＜0.05）。 3.2骨量变化 70%和75%组股骨BMD显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；65%组、75%组、85%组股骨BMC显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），70%组极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。 70%组股骨BMD显著高于65%组（P＜0.05），85%组、90%组显著低于65%组（P＜0.05）；90%组股骨BMC显著低于65%组（P＜0.05）。 75%组、80%组、85%组、90%组股骨BMD、BMC均显著低于70%组（P＜0.05）。 85%组、90%组股骨BMD和90%组BMC均显著低于75%组（P＜0.05）。 90%组股骨BMD、BMC均显著低于85%组（P＜0.05）。 3.3骨代谢生化标志物 3.3.1运动对骨形成和骨吸收生化标志物的影响 8周跑台训练后，各运动组血清AKP、StrACP均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），其中70%组、80%组血清AKP和80%血清StrACP极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。 70%组血清AKP显著高于65%组（P＜0.05），85%组、90%组血清AKP显著低于65%组（P＜0.05）；80%组、85%组、90%组血清StrACP显著高于65%组（P＜0.05）。 80%组、85%组、90%组血清AKP显著低于70%组和75%组（P＜0.05）；血清StrACP均显著高于70%组和75%组（P＜0.05）。 90%组血清StrACP显著高于80%组和85%组（P＜0.05）。 3.3.2运动对血钙、血磷调节激素的影响 65%组、70%组血钙极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01），90%组显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）；65%组血磷显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），其余各运动组均极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。 70%—90%五个运动组血钙显著低于65%组（P＜0.05）；75%—90%四个运动组血磷显著高于65%组（P＜0.05）。 75%—90%四个运动组血钙显著低于70%组（P＜0.05）；血磷显著高于70%组（P＜0.05）。 80%组、90%组血钙显著低于75%组（P＜0.05）；85%组、90%组血磷显著高于75%组（P＜0.05）。 85%组、90%组血钙显著低于80%组（P＜0.05），90%组血钙显著低于85%组（P＜0.05）。 4.结论 4.1随着运动负荷的增加大鼠体重出现显著性的降低,对照组大鼠体重最大,90%组大鼠体重最低,长期大强度运动导致大鼠出现运动疲劳,摄食量减少,运动消耗大量能量,使得大鼠自身组成物质被分解代谢,出现异化趋势。 4.270%VO2max的中等强度间歇跑台训练使生长期大鼠骨量、骨密度增加最明显。随着运动负荷的增加大鼠股骨BMD、BMC出现显著性的降低。 4.3运动训练组中70%组成骨细胞最活跃,血清AKP值最高,血清StrACP值最低,均有利于大鼠骨量的积累和骨密度的增加。训练强度大于80%VO2max时,破骨细胞活性增加迅速,从而影响骨量的积累和峰值骨量的形成。 4.4各运动组血钙和血磷含量随运动强度的增加分别出现减少和增加的趋势。说明训练强度大于70%VO2max时,破骨细胞活性大于成骨细胞活性,大鼠骨量呈下降趋势。 4.5肥胖人群,要想减肥的话,必须采取科学的运动,同时严格控制自己的饮食。运动强度应该采用80%V02max以上的大强度运动。 4.6青少年竞技运动员健身,采取70-85%VO2max每周三、四次的递增负荷的有氧锻炼。逐周增加5%左右的重量,使肌肉、骨骼感知到机械应力的有效刺激。 4.7一般性运动锻炼人群,采取60-75%VO2max的有氧负荷运动,根据自身身体状况和季节气候的变化,早晚安排适当的运动项目和适宜的运动强度,循序渐进的坚持运动,逐周增加5%左右的重量。
[Abstract]:1 purpose of research
Bone mineral density in adolescents increased throughout adolescence, pre adolescent exercise intervention is the best time to improve bone density, beneficial effect on bone density is more obvious, puberty weight (jump) exercise can improve the peak bone mass, adolescence is the sensitive period of peak bone mass formation, participate in sports in the peak of growth and development can promote the construction of bone. Combined with the present experimental animal and human studies, intermittent different intensity had significant effects on bone metabolism run training, this test I choose growing rats as the research object, through the determination of rat femoral bone growth phase content and bone mineral density and bone metabolism in the blood related indicators, to explore the effect of different the strength of intermittent treadmill training on bone metabolism of growing rats, in order for the majority of young people exercise and professional scientific training to provide young athletes Theoretical support.
2 experimental method
70 4 week old male Wistar rats were selected (provided by Shandong Lukang Pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd), the average weight of (67.99 + 5.83) g, were randomly divided into 7 groups according to the collocation (n=10): control group and exercise group. Exercise group rats in accordance with oxygen uptake is divided into: 65% group, 70% group, 75% group, 80% group, 85% group and 90% group. 8 weeks of treadmill training, weekly training 6D, each training 3 times, each time interval of not less than 10min, 30min, 24h after the last training, eyeball blood, destroy the spinal cord were killed after dissection, hindlimb femur stripping with connective tissue. The saline soaked gauze wrapped -84 deg.c for refrigerator, bone mineral content (BMC:Bone mineral content) and bone density (BMD:Bone mineral density) were tested. At the same time measured in serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP: Alkline phosphatase), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (StrACP: Tartrate resistant acid phosphat ASE), the content of blood phosphorus (P:Blood phosphorus) and blood calcium (Ca:Blood Calcium), and all the data were statistically treated with SPSS17.0 software.
3 experimental results
3.1 body weight changes before and after the experiment
There was no significant difference in body weight between the groups before the experiment. After the experiment, the weight of the 70% groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the 75% to 90% group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01), and the 90% group was significantly lower than the 65% group and 70% group (P < 0.05).
3.2 bone mass change
The BMD in 70% and 75% groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); in the 65% group, the BMC in the 75% group and the 85% group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the 70% group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01).
The 70% groups of femur BMD were significantly higher than that of 65% groups (P < 0.05), 85% groups, 90% groups were significantly lower than 65% groups (P < 0.05), and 90% groups of femur were significantly lower than that of 65% groups (P < 0.05).
The 75% groups, 80% groups, 85% groups, and 90% groups of femur BMD, BMC were significantly lower than the 70% groups (P < 0.05).
The 85% groups, 90% groups of femur BMD and 90% groups of BMC were significantly lower than the 75% groups (P < 0.05).
The BMD and BMC of the 90% groups were significantly lower than that of the 85% groups (P < 0.05).
3.3 biochemical markers of bone metabolism
The effect of 3.3.1 exercise on bone formation and bone resorption biochemical markers
After 8 weeks treadmill training, the serum AKP and StrACP of each exercise group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Among the 70% groups, the serum AKP and 80% serum StrACP in the 80% groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01).
The serum AKP in the 70% groups was significantly higher than that in the 65% group (P < 0.05). In the 85% groups, the serum AKP in the 90% groups was significantly lower than that in the 65% group (P < 0.05); the serum StrACP in the 80% group, 85% group and 90% group was significantly higher than that in the 65% group (P < 65%).
The serum AKP of 80% groups, 85% groups and 90% groups was significantly lower than that of 70% groups and 75% groups (P < 0.05), and serum StrACP was significantly higher than that of 70% groups and 75% groups (P < 0.05).
The serum StrACP in the 90% groups was significantly higher than that of the 80% groups and 85% groups (P < 0.05).
The effect of 3.3.2 exercise on blood calcium and serum phosphorus regulation hormone
In the 65% group, the blood calcium level of the 70% groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01), and the 90% groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The plasma phosphorus in the 65% groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the rest of the exercise groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01).
The blood calcium in the 70% - 90% groups was significantly lower than that of the 65% groups (P < 0.05), and the blood phosphorus in the 75% - 90% groups was significantly higher than that in the 65% group (P < 0.05).
The blood calcium in the 75% - 90% groups was significantly lower than that of the 70% groups (P < 0.05), and the blood phosphorus was significantly higher than that in the 70% groups (P < 0.05).
The 80% groups, 90% groups of blood calcium significantly lower than 75% groups (P < 0.05), the 85% group, 90% groups of blood phosphorus was significantly higher than the 75% groups (P < 0.05).
The 85% groups, 90% groups of blood calcium were significantly lower than the 80% groups (P < 0.05), the 90% group of blood calcium was significantly lower than the 85% groups (P < 0.05).
4. conclusion
4.1 as the workload increases the weight of rats decreased significantly, the control group weight, 90% groups of rats was lowest, the long-term high-intensity exercise in rats of exercise fatigue, reduced food intake, exercise consumes a lot of energy, so that its components rat is decomposes, alienation trend.
Moderate intensity intermittent treadmill training of 4.270%VO2max increased the bone density and bone mineral density of growing rats significantly. With the increase of exercise load, the BMD and BMC of femur significantly decreased in rats.
4.3 exercise training group in 70%. The most active bone cells, serum AKP value is the highest, the lowest value of serum StrACP, increase the accumulation of bone mass and bone mineral density. The training intensity is greater than 80%VO2max, osteoclast activity increased rapidly, thus affecting the formation of bone mass accumulation and peak bone mass.
4.4, the blood calcium and phosphorus contents in exercise group decreased and increased with the increase of exercise intensity. It showed that when training intensity was greater than 70%VO2max, the activity of osteoclasts was larger than that of osteoblasts, and the bone volume of rats decreased.
4.5 obese people, if they want to lose weight, they must take a scientific exercise and strictly control their diet. The intensity of exercise should be more than 80%V02max.
4.6, the fitness of young athletes should be increased by 70-85%VO2max every four times every Wednesday. Increase the weight of 5% by week, so that muscles and bones can perceive the effective stimulation of mechanical stress.
4.7, the general exercise population should take aerobic exercise of 60-75%VO2max. According to their physical condition and seasonal climate change, arrange appropriate sports and appropriate exercise intensity sooner or later, step by step to adhere to exercise and increase the weight by around 5% a week.

【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G804.2

【参考文献】