内蒙古某驻地官兵呼吸道过敏性疾病专项调查研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 02:37

本文选题：哮喘症状　切入点：常见变应原　出处：《空军医学杂志》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查内蒙古某驻地官兵呼吸道过敏性疾病的患病率,明确该地官兵常见致敏变应原及相关危险因素。方法对内蒙古某驻地官兵500人展开问卷普查,第一部分集中进行现场问卷,对呼吸道过敏性疾病的患病率和相关危险因素进行调查。第二部分筛选出具有过敏高风险且确诊变应性鼻炎的官兵,并对其进行23个标准化变应原皮肤点刺试验。结果 (1)驻地官兵215例(46.8%)曾出现AR症状,101例(22%)曾出现喘息、胸闷、气短或咳嗽的哮喘症状。(2)季节(OR=6.692)、灰尘(OR=3.912)是AR的危险因素,年龄(χ~2=45.73,P0.05)、花粉(χ~2=60.947,P0.0 1)、刺激性气体(χ~2=2 1.6 3 6,P0.0 1)、感冒(χ~2=40.821,P0.01)、冷空气(χ~2=24.659,P0.01)、气候变化(χ~2=31.677,P0.01)等与A R发生密切相关。(3)家族史(OR=5.861)、灰尘(OR=2.654)及居住年限(OR=1.076)是哮喘症状的危险因素,季节(χ~2=23.796,P0.0 1)、花粉(χ~2=1 3.9 0 1,P0.0 1)、刺激性气体(χ~2=10.388,P0.01)、感冒(χ~2=5.077,P0.05)、冷空气(χ~2=18.296,P0.01)、气候变化(χ~2=14.203,P0.01)等与哮喘症状发生相关。(4)对67名官兵进行皮肤点刺试验,发现该驻地常见变应原为大籽蒿(69.7%)、黄花蒿(62.1%)、向日葵(46.9%)等。其中有90%(52/58)患者同时对2种或2种以上变应原过敏。结论 (1)内蒙古驻地官兵A R患病率为46.8%,显著高于文献报道。(2)季节、灰尘是AR的危险因素,家族史、灰尘及居住年限是哮喘症状的危险因素。(3)内蒙古驻地常见变应原以蒿类、!草、豚草为主,蒿类花粉阳性等级最高。内蒙古驻地鼻炎官兵多数官兵同时对2种及2种以上变应原过敏。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of respiratory allergic diseases among officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia and to identify the common allergens and related risk factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 500 officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia. In the first part, a questionnaire was conducted to investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of allergic respiratory diseases. In the second part, officers and soldiers with high risk of allergies and confirmed allergic rhinitis were selected. Twenty-three standardized allergen skin prick tests were carried out on them. Results (1) 215 cases (46.8%) had AR symptoms (101 cases) had asthma symptoms, chest tightness, shortness of breath, shortness of breath or cough) seasonal asthma symptoms were 6. 692%, dust OR3. 912) were risk factors of AR. Age (蠂 2) 45.73 (P 0.05), pollen (蠂 ~ (2) 2) 60.947 (P 0.01), irritant gas (蠂 ~ (22) 21.6 ~ (36)), common cold (蠂 ~ (2) 2) 40.821 (P 0.01), cold air (蠂 ~ (224.659) P 0.01), climate change (蠂 ~ (2) (2n) 31.67 ~ (7) P _ (0.01)) were risk factors of asthma symptoms, such as family history (蠂 ~ (2)), family history (OR 5.861l), dust (OR2.654), and length of residence (OR 1.076), were the risk factors of asthma symptoms. Skin prick tests were carried out in 67 officers and soldiers (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)), 23.796 (P 0.01), pollen (蠂 ~ (2) 2) 1.91 (P 0.01), irritant gases (蠂 ~ (2)) 10.388 (P 0.01), colds (蠂 ~ (2) 5.07 7) P 0.05, cold air (蠂 ~ (2) 218.29 P (0.01), climate change (蠂 ~ (2) (14. 203) P 0.01), and so on) were used to conduct skin prick tests in 67 officers and soldiers. It was found that the common allergens in the site were 69.7m, 62.1%, 46.9%, etc. Among them, 90 / 52 / 58) patients were allergic to 2 or more allergens at the same time. Conclusion 1) the prevalence rate of AR in officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia was 46.8, which was significantly higher than that in the reported season. Dust is the risk factor of AR, family history, dust and years of residence are risk factors of asthma symptoms. Most officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia were allergic to 2 or more allergens at the same time.
【作者单位】：空军总医院呼吸内科;
【分类号】：R825

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