航天诱变对决明生物学特性及有效成分的影响

发布时间：2018-03-11 04:32

本文选题：航天诱变　切入点：决明　出处：《中国中药杂志》2015年13期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：通过"神舟八号"飞船搭载决明种子,返地后进行栽培研究。在决明SP1代的研究基础上对SP2代植株的生长特性,产量特征,理化指标及有效成分含量等进行研究。结果表明QC10,QC29株系生育期较对照提前5 d,QC10,QC29,QC46株系在生长期的株高,冠幅及茎粗均显著优于对照,植株分枝数较对照增加4~11个,单株荚果数分别为321,313,281个,显著优于对照的246个,单株产量较对照增加31.4~63.2 g,种子千粒重分别达到25.86,25.88,24.06 g(对照为23.69 g),叶绿素质量分数分别增加1.098,1.016,0.297 mg;SP2代种子中橙黄决明素和大黄酚2种有效成分含量变化不显著。通过2年的研究筛选出QC10,QC29,QC46 3个决明高产突变株系,表明航天诱变可作为决明育种的一种有效手段,为进一步利用航天诱变选育决明优良品种提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:On the basis of the research of SP1 generation, the plant growth characteristics and yield characteristics of SP2 generation were studied on the basis of carrying seeds of Cassia sinensis on "Shenzhou-8" spacecraft and returning to the ground. Physicochemical indexes and effective component contents were studied. The results showed that the plant height, crown width and stem diameter of QC10 QC29 strain were significantly higher than that of the control, and the number of branches increased 4 ~ 11 days earlier than that of the control, and the plant height, crown width and stem diameter of QC10 + QC29 strain were significantly higher than those of the control in the growing stage, and the growth period of QC10 QC29 strain was 5 days earlier than that of the control. The number of pods per plant was 313,281 per plant, which was significantly higher than that of the control (246). The yield of single plant increased by 31.4% 63.2 g, the seed weight of 1000 seeds reached 25.86% and 25.888 g / kg respectively (the control was 23.69 g / g), and the chlorophyll content of seed increased by 1.098% ~ 1.016 ~ (0.297) mg / kg SP2 respectively. There was no significant change in the contents of two effective components of cassia orange and chrysophanol in the seeds of the SP2 generation. Three high yield mutant lines of QC10, QC29 and QC46 were selected in this paper. The results show that space mutation can be used as an effective method in the breeding of Cassia sinensis, and it provides a theoretical basis for the further selection of fine varieties of Cassia by space mutagenesis.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学生命科学学院;天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司;
【基金】：陕西省科技统筹项目(K332021305) 陕西省重大集群产业项目(2012KTCL02-07)
【分类号】：R85

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