模拟失重状态下雌、雄大鼠骨质疏松模型骨结构及生物力学对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 00:00

本文选题：模拟失重　切入点：骨质疏松　出处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2015年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的模拟失重尾部悬吊雌、雌性大鼠模型松质骨骨密度、骨小梁结构、骨组织形态、骨代谢生化指标及力学性能的对比研究,为不同性别航天员飞行后骨量变化及航天医学提供实验依据。方法 3个月龄雌、雄性SD大鼠各20只,每组分别随机再分为2组,尾部悬吊4周组和空白对照组。到期处死SD大鼠,双能X线吸收法(dual-energy X-ray absorption DEXA)测定L4椎体、股骨踝部骨密度,Micro-CT进行骨小梁分析,改良丽春红染色方法进行骨组织切片染色,ELISA法检测血清骨代谢生化标志物,生物力学测试机进行生物力学检测。结果不同性别悬吊组大鼠较对照组大鼠椎体、股骨髁部骨密度均显著下降,松质骨的骨体积分数(BV/TV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁数目(TB.N)、表面积体积比(BS/BV)较对照组显著降低(P0.05),骨小梁间隙(TB、Sp)较对照组显著增加;骨代谢生化指标骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)悬吊组较对照组显著增加,雄性悬吊组分别为对照组的4.1和2.7倍,雌性悬吊组分别为对照组的4.5和3.1倍;生物力学测试表明悬吊组椎体的最大压缩载荷(N)、最大压缩压力(MPa)、股骨最大抗弯曲载荷(N)雄性悬吊组分别较对照组下降:27.5%、26.4%、24.8%;雌性悬吊组分别较对照组下降:36.6%、33%、34%,力学强度显著下降。通过雌、雄性悬吊大鼠对比研究发现,雌性大鼠L4椎体、股骨髁部BMD,松质骨BV/TV、Tb.Th、TB.N、TB.N以及椎体的最大压缩载荷(N)、最大压缩压力(MPa)、股骨最大抗弯曲载荷(N)显著降低(P0.05),骨小梁间隙(TB、Sp)、BALP、TRAP雌性悬吊组较雄性悬吊组显著增加(P0.05)。结论尾部悬吊雌、雄性大鼠4周后分别出现明显的骨质疏松、骨小梁三维结构破坏、椎体及股骨生物力学显著下降、骨代谢失平衡,理论上增加了骨折的风险。同时更值得注意的是雌性悬吊大鼠骨质疏松程度较雄性悬吊组更加明显。不同性别航天员骨量丢失及骨折的风险应得到充分的认识,并指导我们航天医疗工作方面进行个性化干预措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular structure, bone morphology, biochemical indexes of bone metabolism and mechanical properties of female and female models of weightlessness suspension. Methods 20 female and 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 months were randomly divided into 2 groups. Sprague-Dawley rats were killed after 4 weeks of tail suspension and blank control group. Bone trabeculae were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorption DEXAand microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) of femur and ankle. Serum biochemical markers of bone metabolism were detected by Elisa and biomechanical tests were performed by biomechanical testing machine. Results the vertebral body of rats with different sex suspension group was higher than that of control group. Bone mass fraction of cancellous bone (BV / TVV), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th1), number of trabecular bone (TB.NV), surface area / volume ratio (BS- BV) of femoral condyle were significantly lower than those of control group (P 0.05), and trabecular space (TBN) was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). The biochemical indexes of bone metabolism, bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALPN) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) suspension group, were significantly higher than those in the control group. The male group was 4.1 and 2.7 times higher than the control group, and the female group was 4.5 and 3.1 times higher than the control group. Biomechanical test showed that the maximum compression load, maximum compression pressure, maximum compressive pressure and maximum anti-bending load of femur in the male suspension group were lower than those in the control group, respectively. The male suspension group was lower than the control group by 27.5g and 26.4% respectively, and the female suspension group was 36.6% lower than the control group, and the mechanical strength of the male suspension group was 36.6% lower than that of the control group, and the mechanical strength of the male suspension group was 36.6% lower than that of the control group. A significant decline. Through the female, A comparative study of male suspended rats revealed that the L4 vertebrae of female rats, In the femoral condyle, BV / TVV Tb. Thlb. TB.N and the maximum compression load of the vertebrae, the maximum compression pressure and the maximum bending load of the femur decreased significantly (P 0.05N), and the bone trabecular space BALPTRAP female suspension group was significantly higher than that of the male suspension group. Conclusion the tail suspension female was significantly higher than that of the male suspension group, and the bone trabecular space BALPTRAP female suspension group was significantly higher than that of the male suspension group. After 4 weeks, the male rats showed obvious osteoporosis, bone trabecular structure destruction, biomechanics of vertebra and femur decreased significantly, and bone metabolism was out of balance. In theory, the risk of fracture is increased. At the same time, it is more noteworthy that the degree of osteoporosis in female suspension rats is more obvious than that in male suspension group. The loss of bone mass and the risk of fracture in different sex astronauts should be fully recognized. And guide our aerospace medical work to carry out personalized intervention measures.
【作者单位】：中国人民解放军总医院骨科;第四军医大学西京医院骨科;解放军第二炮兵总医院神经内科;中国人民解放军总医院妇产科;中国人民解放军总医院老年心血管研究所;
【分类号】：R85

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