衰老性肌萎缩的运动干预及机理实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 07:38

  本文选题：胰岛素样生长因子1　切入点：胰岛素样生长因子1受体　出处：《苏州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的： 随着人类迈入老龄化社会，发生老年相关性疾病的人数也在不断增加，成为一个极具潜在威胁的公共卫生问题。骨骼肌是人体最重要的运动器官，在衰老过程中骨骼肌机能的下降是衰老的重要标志之一。骨骼肌衰老的预防和干预是重要的医学问题和前沿课题，因而运动延缓骨骼肌衰老的作用及其机制研究具有重要的理论和实际意义。力量训练对控制体重、预防骨质疏松及防治Ⅱ型糖尿病有积极作用,但在老年人群的健身实践中，其作用一直没有得到重视和充分发挥。研究表明，衰老过程中骨骼肌质量、力量和活力的下降可能与肌肉再生能力受损（卫星细胞和蛋白质更新缺陷）、氧化应激水平上升、运动神经元丢失、内分泌紊乱、免疫系统功能衰退、慢性炎症状态以及骨骼肌细胞凋亡等多种因素有关，但其发生机制尚缺乏完备的理论。本研究采用老龄大鼠（18月龄）为实验对象，探讨有氧运动（游泳）和抗阻力训练（爬梯运动）对老龄大鼠骨骼肌形态结构和IGF-1/IGF-1R信号通路及线粒体介导的细胞凋亡信号通路的影响，为阐明有氧运动和力量训练干预衰老性肌萎缩的机制、临床预防和治疗提供理论和实验依据。 研究方法： 老龄（18月龄）健康雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠36只，随机分为安静对照组（C）、抗阻力训练组(LC)、负重游泳组(SW1)、无负重游泳组(SW2)，每组各9只。游泳组大鼠每周训练5天，每天训练30min,共9周；负重游泳组大鼠负重为体重的1%；抗阻力训练组大鼠每周训练3天，共训练9周，起始负荷为大鼠体重的10%，每周递增体重的10%。通过光镜观察衰老大鼠腓肠肌肌纤维直径的变化、Elisa检测骨骼肌IGF-1、IGF-1R及免疫印迹分析检测骨骼肌线粒体与胞浆内细胞素色c，采用Graphpad5.0软件对结果进行单因素方差分析。 结果： （1）与对照组相比，，抗阻力训练组肌纤维直径显著增大（P0.01）负重游泳组、无负重游泳组腓肠肌直径无显著变化（P0.05）；抗阻力训练组大鼠肌纤维直径显著大于无负重游泳组、负重游泳组（P0.01）。 （2）与对照组相比，抗阻力训练组大鼠腓肠肌IGF-1与IGF-1R表达上调。（P0.01）；与对照组相比，无负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌IGF-1与IGF-1R表达下调。（P0.01）；负重游泳组与对照组相比，IGF-1表达无明显变化（P0.05），IGF-1R表达下调（P0.01）；抗阻力训练组大鼠腓肠肌IGF-1与IGF-1R表达显著高于无负重游泳组、负重游泳组（P0.01，P0.01）。 （3）与对照组相比，抗阻力训练组大鼠腓肠肌线粒体细胞色素c含量显著增加（P0.01），胞浆内细胞色素c水平降低（P0.01），负重游泳组腓肠肌线粒体细胞色素c含量无明显变化（P0.05），无负重游泳组线粒体细胞色素c含量增加（P0.05）,无负重游泳组和负重游泳组大鼠腓肠肌胞浆内细胞色素c有减少的趋势，无显著性差异（P0.05）；负重游泳组、无负重游泳组腓肠肌线粒体细胞色素c含量均显著低于抗阻力训练组（P0.01，P0.05）；负重游泳组腓肠肌胞浆内细胞色素c水平显著高于抗阻力训练组（P0.01），无负重游泳组与抗阻力训练组相比，胞浆内细胞色素c含量无明显差异（P0.05）。 结论： （1）在提高老龄大鼠腓肠肌的横截面积、诱发肌肉肥大方面，抗阻力训练优于有氧运动，表明抗阻力训练是干预衰老性肌萎缩发生的有效手段，对于预防和延缓衰老性肌萎缩的发生有重要的意义，在老年人运动中应积极推广。 （2）抗阻力训练能显著提高IGF-1和IGF-1R水平，可能是抗阻力训练预防衰老性肌萎缩的机制。 （3）抗阻力训练能更有效地抑制线粒体释放细胞色素c进入胞浆，在一定程度上减轻了老龄大鼠腓肠肌凋亡程度，可能是在预防衰老性肌萎缩方面抗阻力训练优于有氧运动的机制。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the study is:
With the rapid development of the aging society, the number of occurrence of age-related diseases is also increasing, become a public health problem a great potential threat. Skeletal muscle is the most important organ of the human body movement in the aging process, decrease the skeletal muscle function is one of the important signs of aging. The prevention and intervention of skeletal muscle aging is medical problems and important subject, thus retard the effect and mechanism of skeletal muscle aging has important theoretical and practical significance. The strength training for weight control, prevention of osteoporosis and the prevention and treatment of type II diabetes has a positive effect, but in practice the elderly fitness, its role has not been taken seriously and fully. Research shows that the skeletal muscle aging process quality, decrease the strength and vitality of the possibility and impaired muscle regeneration (satellite cells and proteins, oxidative stress update defects) Shock levels rise, loss of motor neurons, endocrine disorders, immune function decline, various factors of chronic inflammatory state and skeletal muscle cell apoptosis, but its mechanism is still lack of complete theory. This study used in aged rats (18 month old) as the object of study, aerobic exercise (swimming) and resistance training (ladder climbing exercise) effect on the signal pathway of apoptosis in aging rat skeletal muscle morphology and IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling pathway and mitochondrial mediated, to clarify the mechanism of aerobic exercise and strength training intervention of age-related muscle atrophy, and provide theoretical and experimental basis for clinical prevention and treatment.
Research methods:
(aged 18 month old) in 36 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, were randomly divided into control group (C), the resistance training group (LC), swimming group (SW1), swimming group (SW2), 9 rats in each group. Rats swimming training 5 days a week, every day of training 30min, Co 9 weeks; swimming rats weight weight 1% rats per week training; resistance training 3 days, training 9 weeks. The initial load for the weight of rats 10%, weight 10%. weekly increments changes of gastrocnemius muscle of aged rats diameter was observed by light microscopy, Elisa detection of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle analysis, detection of skeletal muscle mitochondrial and cytosolic cytochrome c IGF-1R and Western blotting, single factor analysis of variance on the results by Graphpad5.0 software.
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