中年人运动中心血管风险预警及运动改善风险和心肺耐力的效果研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 12:40

本文选题：中年人 + 心血管风险　；参考：《北京体育大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：目的：横断面调查50-59岁人群运动中心血管风险,探讨相关预警指标。观察规律跑步运动对风险的改善和不同运动负荷对心肺耐力的改善效果,为该人群安全科学健身提供指导。研究一方法：问卷筛选出247名受试者,测试递增负荷实验和安静状态形态学、生理生化、超声和运动后恢复指标,分析心电血压正常和异常人群相关指标的变化,并分析异常心电血压指标与安静指标关系。结果：31名和38名受试者分别出现持续和一过性异常。可用于预警运动中持续心血管风险的指标包括PA、臀围、BMI、SBP、ABI、CIMT、TC、HDL-C、CK、AST、Mb、HRV、运动后HRR,可用于预警运动中一过性心血管风险的指标包括HDL-C、HRV和运动后HRRl。研究二方法：研究一中66名受试者分为正常组(C组)、异常组(Y组)和异常后恢复组(YH组),进行三个月50%-60%V02max强度每周300min的跑步运动,测试干预前后相关指标变化。结果：干预后Y组和YH组受试者异常发生率均有下降,Y组和YH组的心肌酶均显著性下降；干预后两组的完成运动负荷显著提高,心血管机能、形态学指标、血脂和自主神经功能明显改善。研究三方法：95名男性分为对照组(C组),太极拳组(T组),小量跑步组(LR组),大量跑步组(HR组)。T组进行每周400min陈氏太极锻炼；LR组和HR组分别进行50%-60%V02max强度每周150min和300min跑步锻炼。三个月干预前后分别测试受试者的V02max.心肺功能和超声相关指标。结果：T组、LR和HR组的V02max分别提高了8.2%、17.1%和22.2%。太极拳和跑步运动都可降低安静心率、改善脂代谢,提高肺通气。三种运动都可显著提高SV、EDV,但是T组和HR组的Tei指数降低比LR更明显。结论：1.递增运动中有一过性心电血压异常,应结合运动后心肌酶进一步观察运动中心血管风险。50-59岁人群可在常规体检基础上测试PA、HRV、CIMT口运动后HRR预警运动中心血管风险。2.三个月中等强度跑步可降低运动中心血管风险,提高安全运动上限。3.太极拳和跑步运动都可提高50-59岁男性的CRF,跑步运动提高更显著。4.太极拳和跑步运动改善健康效果无明显差异,太极拳和大量跑步运动比小量跑步运动改善心功能效果更好。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the cardiovascular risk during exercise in 50-59 age group and to explore the early warning index. To observe the effects of regular running on risk and cardiopulmonary endurance under different exercise loads, and to provide guidance for safety and scientific fitness of this group. Methods: a total of 247 subjects were selected from the questionnaire. The indexes of morphology, physiology and biochemistry, ultrasound and recovery after exercise were tested in incremental load test and quiet state, and the changes of ECG blood pressure in normal and abnormal population were analyzed. The relationship between abnormal ECG blood pressure index and quiet index was analyzed. Results persistent and transient abnormalities were observed in 31 and 38 subjects, respectively. The indexes that can be used to predict the sustained cardiovascular risk in early warning exercise include PAA, BMISP-ABII-CIMT, TCU HDL-CK, AST, Mb-HRV.After exercise, HRRs can be used to predict the transient cardiovascular risk in early warning exercise, including HDL-Con HRV and post-exercise HRRl. Methods: 66 subjects in the first middle school were divided into normal group (C group) and abnormal group (Y group) and abnormal recovery group (YH group). After three months of 50 ~ 60V _ (02max) weekly 300min, the changes of related indexes were measured. Results: after intervention, the incidence of abnormal myocardial enzymes in Y group and YH group were significantly decreased, and the complete exercise load, cardiovascular function and morphological indexes were significantly increased after intervention. Blood lipids and autonomic nervous function were significantly improved. Three methods: 95 men were divided into three groups: control group (C), Taijiquan (group T), small running group (group LR), large amount of running group (group HR), 400min Chen's Taiji exercise group (group LR) and HR group (group HR), which were treated with weekly 150min and 300min running exercises with 50 ~ 60 V _ (02max) intensity, respectively. V02maxwas tested before and after three months of intervention. Cardiopulmonary function and ultrasound related indexes. Results the V02max of W T group and HR group increased by 8.2% and 22.2max, respectively. Taijiquan and running can reduce quiet heart rate, improve lipid metabolism, improve lung ventilation. All three kinds of exercise significantly increased SVV EDV, but Tei index decreased more significantly in T group and HR group than LR group. Conclusion 1. There is a transient abnormal ECG and blood pressure in incremental exercise. It is necessary to further observe cardiovascular risk during exercise. 50-59 years old people can test the cardiovascular risk of PAHV and CIMT during early warning exercise on the basis of routine physical examination. Three months of moderate-intensity running can reduce cardiovascular risk during exercise and increase the upper limit of safe exercise by 3. 3. Both Taijiquan and running increased CRF in men aged 50 to 59, while running increased by 4. 4. There was no significant difference between Taijiquan and running in improving health. Taijiquan and a lot of running had better effects on heart function than small running.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R87

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