下肢蹲起蹬伸肌力衰退导致老年女性跌倒风险的研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 04:31

本文选题：蹲起蹬伸肌力 + 跌倒风险　；参考：《中国运动医学杂志》2017年08期

【摘要】：目的:探索下肢蹲起蹬伸肌力衰退与老年女性跌倒风险的关系,明确其中潜在的风险因素。方法:40名65岁以上社区居住老年女性,根据跌倒史调查和跌倒风险指数(fall risk index,FRI)分为跌倒组(24名)和无跌倒组(16名),通过测力台测试下肢蹲起蹬伸峰值肌力,并进行静态平衡、动态平衡和3米站立行走(3m-TUG)测试。结果:与无跌倒组相比,跌倒组快速蹲起时左腿蹬伸峰值肌力/体重较低,左、右腿蹬伸峰值肌力差值和左、右腿蹬伸峰值肌力/体重差值较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);相关分析表明老年女性动态平衡指数与左腿蹲起蹬伸峰值肌力/体重呈密切负相关,与左、右腿蹲起蹬伸峰值肌力差异呈显著正相关;3m-TUG时间与所有体重标准化的下肢蹲起蹬伸峰值肌力指标呈显著负相关,其中与左腿蹲起蹬伸峰值肌力/体重关系非常密切;静态平衡身体压力中心(center of presuure,COP)晃动速度矩与所有下肢蹲起蹬伸峰值肌力指标无关;下肢蹲起蹬伸峰值肌力/体重随年龄增长呈逐渐下降的趋势,左腿尤其明显,且两腿肌力差异逐渐变大。结论:蹲起蹬伸肌力测试是预测老年人跌倒风险的下肢肌力评价有效手段;左腿承负自身体重的蹲起蹬伸肌力衰退是老年女性动态平衡能力下降,跌倒风险升高的重要潜在因素;左、右腿蹲起蹬伸肌力不均衡,可能是下肢肌力衰退导致老年女性跌倒的又一潜在因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the relationship between the decline of extensor muscle strength and the fall risk of elderly women, and to identify the potential risk factors. Methods 40 elderly women aged 65 and over were divided into fall group (24 cases) and non-fall group (16 cases) according to fall history survey and fall risk index (fall risk index FRI). The peak muscle strength of squatting and extending of lower limbs was measured by force table, and static balance was carried out. Dynamic balance and 3 m standing walk (3 m-TUG) test. Results: compared with the group without fall, the peak muscle strength / body weight of left leg extension was lower, the difference between left and right leg extension peak muscle strength and left leg extension peak muscle strength and right leg extension peak muscle force / body weight were higher in fall group. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05); correlation analysis showed that the dynamic balance index of elderly women was negatively correlated with the peak muscle strength / body weight of squat and extension of left leg, and was negatively correlated with left, There was a significant positive correlation between peak muscle strength of right leg squat and extension, and significant negative correlation between the time of 3m-TUG and the index of peak muscle strength of squat and extension of all the lower limbs standardized by body weight, among which there was a very close relationship with the peak muscle strength / body weight of left leg squat and extension. The sloshing velocity moment of (center of pressure center in static balance has no relation with all the indexes of peak muscle strength of crouching and extending of lower extremities, and the peak muscle strength / body weight of squatting and extending of lower extremity gradually decreases with age, especially in left leg. And two leg muscle strength difference becomes bigger gradually. Conclusion: the test of extensor muscle strength is an effective method to evaluate the lower limb muscle strength of the elderly to predict the risk of falling down, and the decline of the extensor muscle strength of the left leg bearing their own weight is the decline of the dynamic balance ability of the elderly women. The imbalance of extensor muscle strength in squat and right leg may be another potential factor that leads to the fall of elderly women due to the decline of lower limb muscle strength.
【作者单位】：曲阜师范大学;韦恩州立大学;山东大学体育学院;山东体育学院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(编号:2016M592153) 教育部人文社会科学研究规划青年基金(编号:15YJC890018)
【分类号】：R87

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