40～69岁中老年人递增负荷运动试验中心血管事件的发生风险及影响因素

发布时间：2018-06-27 23:08

本文选题：中老年人 + 递增负荷运动试验　；参考：《中国运动医学杂志》2015年10期

【摘要】：目的:通过递增负荷运动试验观察中老年人群运动中心血管的异常反应,分析其特征及影响因素,为运动中心血管事件的防控提供参考。方法:筛选40~69岁无运动禁忌症的中老年人138名为研究对象,测试其安静时血液、形态、血压等指标,再进行递增负荷运动试验,以美国运动医学学会(ACSM)制定的运动终止标准作为运动中发生的心血管事件阳性反应的判定标准,分析运动中心血管事件的发生特征及影响因素。结果:(1)递增负荷运动试验中心血管事件阳性反应的发生率为12.3%。在各反应症状中,出现心电异常的比率最高,其后依次为血压与心率异常。(2)在阳性人群中,男性多于女性,中年人多于老年人,其中有76.5%的阳性人群年龄范围集中在40~54岁。(3)阳性组的超重、肥胖比率之和高于阴性组,但血脂指标和C反应蛋白(CRP)的异常率均低于阴性组。以上比较阴性组与阳性组之间均无显著性差异。(4)阳性组运动终止时主观体力感觉等级(RPE)均值高于阴性组,无显著性差异,但阳性组细分的心电异常组和心率异常组RPE分别显著高于阴性组(P0.05)。结论:(1)经常参加体育锻炼的中老年人群发生心血管事件的风险不容忽视。在心电图异常表现中,不仅要关注ST段异常变化,更应重视不同早搏类型心律失常。(2)40~54岁可能是运动中心血管事件高发年龄段。(3)血脂正常、CRP正常、心肺耐力水平较高者依然出现心血管事件的风险不容忽视。(4)推荐中老年人采用RPE小于15的运动强度进行锻炼。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the abnormal response of exercise center blood vessels in middle-aged and aged people by incremental load exercise test, and to analyze its characteristics and influencing factors so as to provide reference for prevention and control of cardiovascular events during exercise. Methods: 138 middle and old people aged 40 to 69 without motor contraindication were selected as study objects. Blood, shape and blood pressure were measured while they were quiet, and then incremental load exercise test was carried out. To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of cardiovascular events in exercise, the standard of exercise termination established by the American Academy of Sports Medicine (ACSM) was used as the criterion for judging the positive reaction of cardiovascular events in exercise. Results: (1) the incidence of cardiovascular event positive reaction in incremental stress exercise test was 12.3%. Among the symptoms, the rate of abnormal ECG was the highest, followed by abnormal blood pressure and heart rate. (2) in the positive group, the male was more than the female, the middle-aged was more than the elderly. The age range of 76.5% of the positive population was 40 ~ 54 years old. (3) the sum of overweight and obesity in the positive group was higher than that in the negative group, but the abnormal rate of serum lipids and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the positive group was lower than that in the negative group. There was no significant difference between the negative group and the positive group. (4) the mean of RPE at the end of exercise in the positive group was higher than that in the negative group, and there was no significant difference between the positive group and the negative group. But the RPE of abnormal ECG and abnormal heart rate in positive group was significantly higher than that in negative group (P0.05). Conclusion: (1) the risk of cardiovascular events in elderly people who often take part in physical exercise should not be ignored. In abnormal electrocardiogram, we should pay attention not only to the abnormal changes of St segment, but also to the arrhythmias of different types of premature beats. (2) the age of 40 to 54 may be the age of high incidence of cardiovascular events during exercise. (3) normal blood lipids and CRP are normal. The risk of cardiovascular events in patients with high cardiopulmonary endurance level can not be ignored. (4) it is recommended that the elderly exercise with RPE less than 15.
【作者单位】：北京市西城区体育科学研究所;北京体育大学运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(编号:2012BAK21B01) 科技支撑提升北京城市运行水平研究与示范项目(编号:Z111100074511002)
【分类号】：R87

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